Java網絡編程入門SocketServer與Socket

lplo 9年前發布 | 2K 次閱讀 Java

java網絡編程主要包含4部分：（注意設置超時時間）

URL 連接：類URL代表一個統一資源定位符，它是指向互聯網“資源”的指針。資源可以是簡單的文件或目錄，也可以是對更為復雜的對象的引用，例如對數據庫或搜索引擎的查詢。
HttpURLConnection連接：相當于servlet，發送單個以post或get方式的請求，
TCP/IP連接可靠傳輸ServerSocket類。 1）.入門案例。 2）.多線程阻塞式通訊。阻塞式：比如recv某個socket的描述符，如果沒有數據到，一直停在recv的狀態，不釋放socket資源，叫阻塞
UDP連接 DatagramSocket 類，此類表示用來發送和接收數據報包的套接字。

TCP/IP 連接 Server服務器端

import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
/*
 @ClassName:Server
 @author: chenyoulong  
 @date :2012-7-30 上午10:35:09
 @Description:TODO 
 /
public class SendServer {

/**
 * @throws IOException  
 * @Title: main 
 * @Description: TODO 
 * @param @param args   
 * @return void   
 * @throws 
 */
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
   ServerSocket server=new ServerSocket(8888);
   System.out.println("server start");
   Socket sock=server.accept();
   sock.setSoTimeout(6000);   //服務器端設置連接超時時間，該操作只對讀取（read）操作有效。

   //讀取
   //字節流的形式讀取   
   // 優缺點分析，弱點：受byte[]大小的限制  ，優點：不受回車符（\r）和換行符（\n）限制
   InputStream input=sock.getInputStream();
   byte[] buf =new byte[1024];
   System.out.println("InputStream==="+input);
   if(input!=null){
       int len=input.read(buf);
       ToolKit.writeLog(SendServer.class.getName(), "服務器端收到的報文：\n"+new String(buf, 0, len));
   }

  /* //字符流的形式讀取
      //(遇到換行符或者回車符就終止，還是謹慎使用)
   BufferedReader read=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(sock.getInputStream()));
   String readStr=null;
   if((readStr=read.readLine())!=null){
       ToolKit.writeLog(Server.class.getName(), "服務器端收到的報文：\n"+readStr);
   }
   if(read!=null) read.close();
   */

   /*//輸出
   String outStr="我是server服務器端";
   BufferedWriter write=new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(sock.getOutputStream()));

   if(outStr!=null){
       write.write(outStr);
   }
   if(write!=null) write.close();*/

   //掛關閉資源
   if(sock!=null) sock.close();
   if(server!=null) server.close();
}</pre> 



 TCP/IP連接 Client客戶端 

import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
/
 @ClassName:ReceiveClient
 @author: chenyoulong

 @date :2012-8-3 下午2:17:26
 @Description:TODO 
 */
public class ReceiveClient {
    private final String IP=Setting.RECEIVE_IP;
    private final int PORT=Setting.RECEIVE_PORT;
    private  Logger log = Logger.getLogger(Sender.class.getName());
    //發送
    /

 * @throws Exception 
 * 發送報文
 * @Title: send 
 * @Description: TODO 
 * @param @param reqMessage   
 * @return void   
 * @throws
 */

public void send(String reqMessage) throws Exception{
       Socket sock=null;
       BufferedOutputStream out=null;
       try {
        sock=new Socket();

              SocketAddress sockAdd=new InetSocketAddress(IP, PORT);
         sock.connect(sockAdd, 2000); //客戶端設置連接建立超時時間

         out=new BufferedOutputStream(sock.getOutputStream());
    out.write(reqMessage.getBytes());
    out.flush();

} catch (UnknownHostException e) {
    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
    log.error("網絡連接異常"+Strings.getStackTrace(e));
    e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
    log.error("網絡連接異常\n"+Strings.getStackTrace(e));
    e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
    if(out!=null){
        try {
            out.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();            }
    }
    if(sock!=null){
        try {
            sock.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
    }
    }
} 

}

//接收
public String  reiceve() throws Exception{
    Socket sock=null;
    BufferedInputStream in=null;

        try {
            sock=new Socket(IP,PORT);
            in = new BufferedInputStream(sock.getInputStream());
             if ((sock == null) || (in == null)) {
                    throw new Exception("套接口無效，無法讀取數據");
              }

        } catch (UnknownHostException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();

        } catch (IOException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

         byte[] bts = new byte[10000];
         int totalLen = 0, len = 0;
         while ((len = in.read(bts, totalLen, 1000)) != -1) {
                totalLen += len;
            }
         String result = new String(bts);  //注意字符編碼
         return result.trim();
} 


//main函數示例

public static void main(String[] args){
    //發送報文

    //發送
                           String str="我是客戶端！"      
    try {
            new ReceiveClient().send(str);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    //接收報文
    /*try {
        String recStr=new Receiver().reiceve();
        System.out.println("客戶端接收到的結果=="+recStr);
                } catch (Exception e) {
        // TODO Auto-generated catch block
        e.printStackTrace();
    }*/
}

}</pre> 


 TCP/IP連接多線程阻塞式服務端1——實現runnable接口 

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.Socket;
/*
 @ClassName:ThreadSocket
 @author: chenyoulong  
 @date :2012-8-1 上午10:00:41
 @Description:TODO 
 /
public class ThreadSocket implements Runnable {
    private Socket sock;
    public ThreadSocket(Socket sock){
        this.sock=sock;
    }

/* 
 * <p>Title: run</p> 
 * <p>Description: </p>  
 * @see java.lang.Runnable#run() 
 */
public void run() {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    InputStream input=null;
    try {
        input = sock.getInputStream();
    } catch (IOException e) {
        // TODO Auto-generated catch block
        e.printStackTrace();
    }

    /*  //字符流的形式讀取(遇到換行符或者回車符就終止，還是謹慎使用)
       BufferedReader read=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(input));
       String readStr=null;
       try {
        if((readStr=read.readLine())!=null){
               System.out.println("服務器端收到的報文：\n"+readStr);
           }
    } catch (IOException e) {
        // TODO Auto-generated catch block
        e.printStackTrace();
    }

       if(read!=null) {
           try {
            read.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
       }*/

    //字節流
    byte[] buf = new byte[1024];        
    if (input != null) {
        int len=0;
        try {
            len = input.read(buf);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        System.out.println("服務器端收到的報文：\n"+ new String(buf, 0, len));
    }
}


}</pre> 


 TCP/IP連接多線程阻塞式服務端2——main函數 

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
/*
 @ClassName:OnRunSendServer
 @author: chenyoulong  
 @date :2012-8-1 上午10:06:28
 @Description:TODO 
 /
public class OnRunSendServer {

/**
 * @throws IOException  
 * @Title: main 
 * @Description: TODO 
 * @param @param args   
 * @return void   
 * @throws 
 */
public static void main(String[] args)  {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    ServerSocket server = null;
    try {
        server = new ServerSocket(8888);
        System.out.println("send服務器start！");
        Socket sock = null;
        while (true) {
            sock = server.accept();
            sock.setSoTimeout(12000);//設置讀取連接超時時間
            ThreadSocket tsock = new ThreadSocket(sock);
            new Thread(tsock).start();
        }
    } catch (IOException e) {
        // TODO Auto-generated catch block
        e.printStackTrace();
    }/*finally{  //這里還是不要finally關閉ServerSocket為好，防止某個socket連接超時導致整個ServerSocket都關閉了。
        try {
            server.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }*/
}


}</pre>

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