用C++自己實現Ping程序

wdey 10年前發布 | 2K 次閱讀 C/C++
//
// Ping.h
//
pragma pack(1)
define ICMP_ECHOREPLY  0
define ICMP_ECHOREQ    8
// IP Header -- RFC 791
typedef struct tagIPHDR
{
    u_char  VIHL;           // Version and IHL
    u_char  TOS;            // Type Of Service
    short   TotLen;         // Total Length
    short   ID;             // Identification
    short   FlagOff;        // Flags and Fragment Offset
    u_char  TTL;            // Time To Live
    u_char  Protocol;       // Protocol
    u_short Checksum;       // Checksum
    struct  in_addr iaSrc;  // Internet Address - Source
    struct  in_addr iaDst;  // Internet Address - Destination
}IPHDR, *PIPHDR;
// ICMP Header - RFC 792
typedef struct tagICMPHDR
{
    u_char  Type;           // Type
    u_char  Code;           // Code
    u_short Checksum;       // Checksum
    u_short ID;             // Identification
    u_short Seq;            // Sequence
    //char  Data;           // Data
}ICMPHDR, *PICMPHDR;
define REQ_DATASIZE 36
define REQ_datasize2 30
define Renum   66
// ICMP Echo Request
typedef struct tagECHOREQUEST
{
    ICMPHDR icmpHdr;
    DWORD   dwTime;
    char    cData[REQ_DATASIZE];
}ECHOREQUEST, PECHOREQUEST;
typedef struct tempECHREQUEST{
    ICMPHDR icmpHdr;
    DWORD   dwTime;
    char    cData[Renum];
}tempECHREQUEST,PtempECHOREQUEST;
typedef struct tempECHREQUEST2{
    ICMPHDR icmpHdr;
    DWORD   dwTime;
    char    cData[Renum+8];
}tempecho,Ptempecho;
// ICMP Echo Reply
typedef struct tagECHOREPLY
{
    IPHDR   ipHdr;
    ECHOREQUEST echoRequest;
    char    cFiller[256];
}ECHOREPLY, PECHOREPLY;
//IP echo request
typedef struct tagIPEchorequest{
    IPHDR ipHeader;
    ECHOREQUEST icmp_data;
}IPECHOREQUET,PIPECHOREQUEST;
typedef struct tagIPEchoTwo{
    IPHDR ipHeader;
    char cData[REQ_datasize2];
}IPEchoTwo,PIPEchoTwo;
typedef struct tagIPechoTwo2{
    IPHDR ipHeader;
    char cData[REQ_datasize2+8];
}IPechotwo2,PIPechotwo2;
//ip echo reply
typedef struct tagIPREPLY{
    IPHDR       ipHdr;
    ECHOREQUEST echoRequest;
    char        cFiller[256];
}IPECHOREPLY,PIPECHOREPLY;
pragma pack()
// PING.C -- Ping program using ICMP and RAW Sockets
//
include <stdio.h>
include <stdlib.h>
include <winsock2.h>
include "ws2tcpip.h"
include <iostream>
pragma  comment(lib,"WS2_32.lib")
include "ping.h"
// Internal Functions
void Ping(LPCSTR pstrHost);
void ReportError(LPCSTR pstrFrom);
int  WaitForEchoReply(SOCKET s);
u_short in_cksum(u_short *addr, int len);
// ICMP Echo Request/Reply functions
int     SendEchoRequest(SOCKET, LPSOCKADDR_IN);
DWORD   RecvEchoReply(SOCKET, LPSOCKADDR_IN, u_char *);
//IP internal function
void sendIP(LPCSTR pstrHost);
int SendIPEchoRequestFragmentTwo(SOCKET s,LPSOCKADDR_IN lpstToAddr);
int SendIPEchoRequest(SOCKET, LPSOCKADDR_IN);
static short nId = 1;
static short nSeq = 1;
static short ip_id = rand()%256;
static char DataToSend[Renum];
static short flag1 = 0;             //標記，0標識不重復，1標識有重復
static short flag2 = 0;             //標記，0標識順序，1標識逆序
char sourseIP[16];
// main()
void main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    WSADATA wsaData;
    WORD wVersionRequested = MAKEWORD(2,1);
    int nRet;

// Check arguments
if (argc != 2)
{
    fprintf(stderr,"nUsage: ping hostnamen");
    return;
}

// Init WinSock如果成功，則返回0
nRet = WSAStartup(wVersionRequested, &wsaData);
if (nRet)
{
    fprintf(stderr,"nError initializing WinSockn");
    return;
}

// Check version
if (wsaData.wVersion != wVersionRequested)
{
    fprintf(stderr,"nWinSock version not supportedn");
    return;
}

printf("        n輸入目的主機IP地址：n");
gets(argv[1]);
sendIP(argv[1]);

system("pause");
// Free WinSock
WSACleanup();

}
// Ping()
// Calls SendEchoRequest() and
// RecvEchoReply() and prints results
void Ping(LPCSTR pstrHost)
{
    SOCKET    rawSocket;            //原始套接字
    LPHOSTENT lpHost;               //保存目的主機信息
    struct    sockaddr_in saDest;   //目的主機
    struct    sockaddr_in saSrc;    //源主機
    DWORD     dwTimeSent;           //發送時間
    DWORD     dwElapsed;            //時間間隔
    u_char    cTTL;                 //ttl
    int       nLoop;                //發送循環的ping的次數
    int       nRet;

// Create a Raw socket
rawSocket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMP);
if (rawSocket == SOCKET_ERROR)
{
    ReportError("socket()");
    return;
}

// Lookup host
lpHost = gethostbyname(pstrHost);      
if (lpHost == NULL)
{
    fprintf(stderr,"nHost not found: %sn", pstrHost);
    return;
}

// Setup destination socket address
saDest.sin_addr.s_addr = *((u_long FAR *) (lpHost->h_addr));
saDest.sin_family = AF_INET;
saDest.sin_port = 0;

// Tell the user what we're doing
printf("nPinging %s [%s] with %d bytes of data:n",
            pstrHost,
            inet_ntoa(saDest.sin_addr),
            REQ_DATASIZE);

// Ping multiple times
for (nLoop = 0; nLoop < 4; nLoop++)
{
    // Send ICMP echo request
    SendEchoRequest(rawSocket, &saDest);

    // Use select() to wait for data to be received
    nRet = WaitForEchoReply(rawSocket);
    if (nRet == SOCKET_ERROR)
    {
        ReportError("select()");
        break;
    }
    if (!nRet)
    {
        printf("nTimeOut");
        break;
    }

    // Receive reply
    dwTimeSent = RecvEchoReply(rawSocket, &saSrc, &cTTL);

    // Calculate elapsed time
    dwElapsed = GetTickCount() - dwTimeSent;
    printf("nReply from: %s: bytes=%d time=%ldms TTL=%d",
           inet_ntoa(saSrc.sin_addr),
           REQ_DATASIZE,
           dwElapsed,
           cTTL);
}
printf("n");
nRet = closesocket(rawSocket);
if (nRet == SOCKET_ERROR)
    ReportError("closesocket()");

}
/
使用原始套接字編程，實現分片IP數據包的構造，能夠用兩個IP分片
構成ICMP  ECHO請求，并接收另一方協議棧返回的ICMP應答。/
void sendIP(LPCSTR pstrHost){

SOCKET    rawSocket;            //原始套接字
LPHOSTENT lpHost;               //保存目的主機信息
struct    sockaddr_in saDest;   //目的主機
struct    sockaddr_in saSrc;    //源主機
DWORD     dwTimeSent;           //發送時間
DWORD     dwElapsed;            //時間間隔
u_char    cTTL;                 //ttl
//int       nLoop;              //發送循環的ping的次數,這里是需要分片的片數目
int       nRet;

// Create a Raw socket創建IP數據包的套接字
rawSocket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_IP);
if (rawSocket == SOCKET_ERROR)
{
    ReportError("socket()");
    return;
}
//設置套接字選項
BOOL blflag = true;
int set_return = setsockopt(rawSocket,
    IPPROTO_IP,
    IP_HDRINCL,
    (char*)&blflag,
    sizeof(blflag));
if (set_return)
{
    printf("設置選項失敗!%d",set_return);
    return;
}
if (set_return == SOCKET_ERROR)
{
    printf("設置選項錯誤!");
    return;
}

// Lookup host
lpHost = gethostbyname(pstrHost);      
if (lpHost == NULL)
{
    fprintf(stderr,"nHost not found: %sn", pstrHost);
    return;
}
printf("n輸入本機IP地址：n");
gets(sourseIP);
// Setup destination socket address
saDest.sin_addr.s_addr = *((u_long FAR *) (lpHost->h_addr));
saDest.sin_family = AF_INET;
saDest.sin_port = 0;

// Tell the user what we're doing
printf("n發送數據包(2個分片第一片)到 %s --[%s] 數據大小是%d :n",
                    pstrHost,
                    inet_ntoa(saDest.sin_addr),
                    REQ_DATASIZE);
// Ping multiple times
printf("n分片發送，不重疊輸入0，重疊輸入1:n");
std::cin>>flag1;
printf("n分片發送，兩片順序發送輸入0，逆序發送輸入1:n");
std::cin>>flag2;

if (flag2==0)
{
    SendIPEchoRequest(rawSocket,&saDest);
    SendIPEchoRequestFragmentTwo(rawSocket,&saDest);
}
if (flag2==1)
{
    SendIPEchoRequestFragmentTwo(rawSocket,&saDest);
    SendIPEchoRequest(rawSocket,&saDest);
}
// Use select() to wait for data to be received
nRet = WaitForEchoReply(rawSocket);
if (nRet == SOCKET_ERROR)
    ReportError("select()");

if (!nRet)
    printf("nTimeOut");
// Receive reply//////////////////////////////////////////////
dwTimeSent = RecvEchoReply(rawSocket, &saSrc, &cTTL);
printf("n檢查收到的時間:%dn",dwTimeSent);
// Calculate elapsed time

dwElapsed = GetTickCount() - dwTimeSent;
printf("n當前的時間 :%dn",GetTickCount());
printf("nReply from: %s: bytes=%d time=%ldms TTL=%d",
inet_ntoa(saSrc.sin_addr),
        REQ_DATASIZE,
        dwElapsed,
        cTTL);

printf("n");
nRet = closesocket(rawSocket);
if (nRet == SOCKET_ERROR)
    ReportError("closesocket()");

}
// SendEchoRequest()
// Fill in echo request header
// and send to destination
int SendEchoRequest(SOCKET s,LPSOCKADDR_IN lpstToAddr)
{
    static ECHOREQUEST echoReq;

    static short nId = 1;
    static short nSeq = 1;
    int nRet;

// Fill in echo request
echoReq.icmpHdr.Type        = ICMP_ECHOREQ;
echoReq.icmpHdr.Code        = 0;
echoReq.icmpHdr.Checksum    = 0;
echoReq.icmpHdr.ID          = nId++;
echoReq.icmpHdr.Seq         = nSeq++;

// Fill in some data to send
for (nRet = 0; nRet < REQ_DATASIZE; nRet++)
    echoReq.cData[nRet] = 'a'+nRet;

//  printf("nn%dnn",sizeof(echoReq));
// Save tick count when sent
echoReq.dwTime              = GetTickCount();

// Put data in packet and compute checksum
echoReq.icmpHdr.Checksum = in_cksum((u_short *)&echoReq, sizeof(ECHOREQUEST));

// Send the echo request                                 
nRet = sendto(s,                        /* socket */
    (LPSTR)&echoReq,            /* buffer */
    sizeof(ECHOREQUEST),
    0,                          /* flags */
    (LPSOCKADDR)lpstToAddr, /* destination */
    sizeof(SOCKADDR_IN));   /* address length */

if (nRet == SOCKET_ERROR)
    ReportError("sendto()");
return (nRet);

}
/發送第一片數據/
int SendIPEchoRequest(SOCKET s,LPSOCKADDR_IN lpstToAddr){

static IPECHOREQUET ipechoReq;

//第一片的IP頭部處理過程
ipechoReq.ipHeader.VIHL = 0x45;                                 //版本是4，首部長度是5
ipechoReq.ipHeader.TOS = 0x0;                                   //由標準組織分配
ipechoReq.ipHeader.ID = ip_id;                                  //ip的標識（一唯）,這里一定要注意，ip標識不變，同一個數據包的兩片
ipechoReq.ipHeader.TTL = 64;                                    //網絡中的最大壽命

ipechoReq.ipHeader.iaSrc.s_addr = inet_addr(sourseIP);          //源主機地址
ipechoReq.ipHeader.iaDst = lpstToAddr->sin_addr;             //
ipechoReq.ipHeader.Protocol = IPPROTO_ICMP;                     //協議的類型包含ICMP
ipechoReq.ipHeader.FlagOff = htons(0x2000);                     //第一片標志位是001000000000000
ipechoReq.ipHeader.TotLen = sizeof(IPECHOREQUET);               //總產度設置成64，數據部分應該是52

ipechoReq.ipHeader.Checksum = 0;                                //

//IP包頭校驗和計算
ipechoReq.ipHeader.Checksum = in_cksum((u_short *)&(ipechoReq.ipHeader), sizeof(IPHDR));

// Fill in echo request
ipechoReq.icmp_data.icmpHdr.Type        = ICMP_ECHOREQ;         //請求數據包類型
ipechoReq.icmp_data.icmpHdr.Code        = 0;                    //
ipechoReq.icmp_data.icmpHdr.Checksum    = 0;                    //檢驗和字段
ipechoReq.icmp_data.icmpHdr.ID          = nId++;                //成對出現的
ipechoReq.icmp_data.icmpHdr.Seq         = nSeq++;               //成對出現

// Save tick count when sent
ipechoReq.icmp_data.dwTime              = GetTickCount();

printf("n發送的時間:%dn",ipechoReq.icmp_data.dwTime);
memset(DataToSend,0,Renum);
//ICMP頭部填充////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
int nRet;
for (nRet = 0;nRet < REQ_DATASIZE;nRet++)
    DataToSend[nRet] = 'a';
for(nRet = REQ_DATASIZE;nRet<Renum;nRet++)
    DataToSend[nRet] = 'b';

//第一片需要發送的數據
for (nRet = 0;nRet < REQ_DATASIZE;nRet++)
    ipechoReq.icmp_data.cData[nRet] = DataToSend[nRet];

//計算校驗和的部分構成
if (flag1 == 0)
{
    tempECHREQUEST tempecho;
    memset(tempecho.cData,0,Renum);
    tempecho.icmpHdr = ipechoReq.icmp_data.icmpHdr;
    tempecho.dwTime = ipechoReq.icmp_data.dwTime;
    memcpy(tempecho.cData,DataToSend,Renum);

    // Put data in packet and compute checksum
    ipechoReq.icmp_data.icmpHdr.Checksum = in_cksum((u_short *)&tempecho,
        sizeof(tempECHREQUEST));
}
if (flag1==1)
{
    tempecho    temp;
    memset(temp.cData,0,Renum+8);
    temp.dwTime = ipechoReq.icmp_data.dwTime;
    temp.icmpHdr = ipechoReq.icmp_data.icmpHdr;
    memcpy(temp.cData,DataToSend,REQ_DATASIZE);                 //第一片復制
    memcpy(temp.cData+REQ_DATASIZE,DataToSend+REQ_DATASIZE-8,REQ_datasize2);
    ipechoReq.icmp_data.icmpHdr.Checksum = in_cksum((u_short *)&temp,
                                                    sizeof(tempecho));
}
//發送echo 請求
nRet = sendto(s,
                    (LPSTR)&ipechoReq,
                    sizeof(IPECHOREQUET),
                    0,
                    (LPSOCKADDR)lpstToAddr,
                    sizeof(SOCKADDR_IN));
if (nRet == SOCKET_ERROR)
    ReportError("sendto()");
return nRet;

}
/
發送第二片數據/
int SendIPEchoRequestFragmentTwo(SOCKET s,LPSOCKADDR_IN lpstToAddr){
    IPEchoTwo ipechoReq;
    //第二片的IP頭部處理過程

ipechoReq.ipHeader.VIHL = 0x45;                                 //版本是4，首部長度是5
ipechoReq.ipHeader.TOS = 0x0;                                   //由標準組織分配
ipechoReq.ipHeader.ID = ip_id;                                  //ip的標識（一唯）
ipechoReq.ipHeader.TTL = 64;                                    //網絡中的最大壽命
ipechoReq.ipHeader.iaSrc.s_addr = inet_addr(sourseIP);  //源主機地址
ipechoReq.ipHeader.iaDst = lpstToAddr->sin_addr;             //
ipechoReq.ipHeader.Protocol = IPPROTO_ICMP;                     //協議的類型包含ICMP
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
if (flag1 == 0)
    ipechoReq.ipHeader.FlagOff = htons(0x6);                        //第二片標志位是
if (flag1 == 1)
    ipechoReq.ipHeader.FlagOff = htons(0x5);                        //第二片標志位是
ipechoReq.ipHeader.TotLen = sizeof(IPEchoTwo);                  //總產度設置成64，數據部分應該是44

ipechoReq.ipHeader.Checksum = 0;                                //

//IP包頭校驗和計算
ipechoReq.ipHeader.Checksum = in_cksum((u_short *)&(ipechoReq.ipHeader), sizeof(IPHDR));

//ICMP頭部填充
int nRet;

//填充其他的數據部分/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
if (flag1 == 0){
    memcpy(ipechoReq.cData,DataToSend+REQ_DATASIZE,REQ_datasize2);
    nRet = sendto(s,
                    (LPSTR)&ipechoReq,
                    sizeof(IPEchoTwo),
                    0,
                    (LPSOCKADDR)lpstToAddr,
                    sizeof(SOCKADDR_IN));
}
if (flag1 == 1){
    IPechotwo2 ipecho;
    ipecho.ipHeader = ipechoReq.ipHeader;
    memset(ipecho.cData,0,REQ_datasize2+8);
    memcpy(ipecho.cData,DataToSend+REQ_DATASIZE-8,REQ_datasize2+8);
    nRet = sendto(s,
                    (LPSTR)&ipechoReq,
                    sizeof(IPechotwo2),
                    0,
                    (LPSOCKADDR)lpstToAddr,
                    sizeof(SOCKADDR_IN));

}
//發送echo 請求

if (nRet == SOCKET_ERROR)
    ReportError("sendto()");
return nRet;

}
// RecvEchoReply()
// Receive incoming data
// and parse out fields
DWORD RecvEchoReply(SOCKET s, LPSOCKADDR_IN lpsaFrom, u_char *pTTL)
{
    IPECHOREPLY     ipreply;
    int nRet;
    int nAddrLen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);

// Receive the echo reply  
nRet = recvfrom(s,                          // socket
                (LPSTR)&ipreply,            // buffer
                sizeof(IPECHOREPLY),        // size of buffer
                0,                          // flags
                (LPSOCKADDR)lpsaFrom,       // From address
                &nAddrLen);                 // pointer to address len

// Check return value
if (nRet == SOCKET_ERROR)
    ReportError("recvfrom()");

// return time sent and IP TTL
*pTTL = ipreply.ipHdr.TTL;
return(ipreply.echoRequest.dwTime);        

}
// What happened?
void ReportError(LPCSTR pWhere)
{
    fprintf(stderr,"n%s error: %dn",
        WSAGetLastError());
}
// WaitForEchoReply()
// Use select() to determine when
// data is waiting to be read
int WaitForEchoReply(SOCKET s)
{
    struct timeval Timeout;
    fd_set readfds;
    /fd_set結構體的定義
    typedef struct fd_set{
        u_int   fd_count;               //集合中的socket數量
        SOCKET  fd_array[FD_SETSIZE];   //集合中包含的Socket數組
    }fd_set;
    /
    readfds.fd_count = 1;
    readfds.fd_array[0] = s;
    Timeout.tv_sec = 5;
    Timeout.tv_usec = 0;

return(select(1, &readfds, NULL, NULL, &Timeout));

}
//
// Mike Muuss' in_cksum() function
// and his comments from the original
// ping program
//
//  Author -
//     Mike Muuss
//     U. S. Army Ballistic Research Laboratory
//     December, 1983
/*

I N _ C K S U M
*
Checksum routine for Internet Protocol family headers (C Version)
/
u_short in_cksum(u_short addr, int len)
{
 register int nleft = len;
 register u_short w = addr;
 register u_short answer;
 register int sum = 0;
/*

Our algorithm is simple, using a 32 bit accumulator (sum),
we add sequential 16 bit words to it, and at the end, fold
back all the carry bits from the top 16 bits into the lower
16 bits.
/
while( nleft > 1 )  {
sum += w++;
nleft -= 2;
}
/ mop up an odd byte, if necessary /
if( nleft == 1 ) {
u_short u = 0;
(u_char )(&u) = (u_char )w ;
sum += u;
}
/*

add back carry outs from top 16 bits to low 16 bits
/
sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff);   / add hi 16 to low 16 /
sum += (sum >> 16);           / add carry /
answer = ~sum;              / truncate to 16 bits */
return (answer);
}</pre>
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C/C++
用C++自己實現Ping程序

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