python3使用urllib示例

lai123 8年前發布 | 2K 次閱讀 Python 云儲存 大數據 云安全

最簡單的例子 

import urllib.request
with urllib.request.urlopen('http://python.org/') as response:
   html = response.read()

取回一個資源并臨時保存 

import urllib.request
local_filename, headers = urllib.request.urlretrieve('http://python.org/')
html = open(local_filename)



使用Request對象http://www.douban.com/ 

import urllib.request


req = urllib.request.Request('

 
 


 
 
 

 使用POST方法發送數據, 數據需要先經過編碼 



import urllib.parse
import urllib.request


url = '

data = urllib.parse.urlencode(values)
data = data.encode('ascii') # data should be bytes
req = urllib.request.Request(url, data)
with urllib.request.urlopen(req) as response:
   the_page = response.read()</pre>


 
 


 
 
 使用GET方法發送數據, 數據需先經過編碼 



>>> import urllib.request
>>> import urllib.parse
>>> data = {}
>>> data['name'] = 'Somebody Here'
>>> data['location'] = 'Northampton'
>>> data['language'] = 'Python'
>>> url_values = urllib.parse.urlencode(data)
>>> print(url_values)  # The order may differ from below.  
name=Somebody+Here&language=Python&location=Northampton
>>> url = 'http://www.example.com/example.cgi'
>>> full_url = url + '?' + url_values
>>> data = urllib.request.urlopen(full_url)


 
 
 添加HTTP header, 指定user-agent 



import urllib.parse
import urllib.request


url = '

user_agent = 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64)'
headers = { 'User-Agent' : user_agent }


values = {'name' : 'Michael Foord',
          'location' : 'Northampton',
          'language' : 'Python' }
data = urllib.parse.urlencode(values)
data = data.encode('ascii')


req = urllib.request.Request(url, data, headers)
with urllib.request.urlopen(req) as response:
   the_page = response.read()</pre>


 
 


 
 
 處理異常 



>>> req = urllib.request.Request('http://www.pretend_server.org')
>>> try: urllib.request.urlopen(req)
... except urllib.error.URLError as e:
...    print(e.reason)      
...
(4, 'getaddrinfo failed')


 
 


 
 


>>> req = urllib.request.Request('http://www.python.org/fish.html')
>>> try:
...     urllib.request.urlopen(req)
... except urllib.error.HTTPError as e:
...     print(e.code)
...     print(e.read())  
...
404
b'<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
  "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">\n\n\n<html
  ...
  <title>Page Not Found</title>\n
  ...


 
 


 
 
 

 
參考 

 
參考
 本文由用戶 lai123 自行上傳分享，僅供網友學習交流。所有權歸原作者，若您的權利被侵害，請聯系管理員。
 轉載本站原創文章，請注明出處，并保留原始鏈接、圖片水印。
 本站是一個以用戶分享為主的開源技術平臺，歡迎各類分享！