spring MVC 入門程序
由上一篇文章的分析spring MVC主要有以下幾個組成部分：dispatcherServlet、HandlerMapping、HandlerAdapter、Handler、ViewResolver、View。其中
DispatcherServlet：前端控制器，由springmvc提供
HandlerMappting：處理器映射器，由springmvc提供
HandlerAdapter：處理器適配器，由springmvc提供
Handler：處理器，需要程序員開發
ViewResolver：視圖解析器，由springmvc提供
View：真正視圖頁面需要由程序編寫
1.新建dynamic web工程，HelloSpringMVC
2.在lib目錄下放入需要的jar包
3.前端控制器配置
前端控制器在web.xml中進行配置
<?xmlversion="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-appxmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaeehttp://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
<display-name>HelloSpringMVC</display-name>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:SpringMVC-servlet.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>
4.處理器映射器、處理器適配器、視圖解析器配置
這些在springMVC-servlet中配置，在工程目錄下新建config的源碼文件夾，新建springMVC-servlet.xml文件
<?xmlversion="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beansxmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd
">
<!-- 自動裝配bean -->
<!-- 自動檢測bean -->
<context:component-scan
base-package="com.hellospringmvc"
></context:component-scan>
<!-- 配置處理器映射器 -->
<!-- 根據bean的name進行查找Handler 將action的url配置在bean的name中 -->
<bean
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping">
<propertyname="mappings">
<props>
<propkey="/helloController.action">helloController</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 配置處理器適配器 -->
<bean
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter"/>
<beanname="/helloController" id = "helloController" class ="com.hellospringmvc.HelloController"></bean>
<!-- 配置視圖解析器
要求將jstl的包加到classpath
-->
<beanclass="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix"value="/WEB-INF/" />
<property name="suffix"value=".jsp" />
</bean>
</beans>
也可以用SimpleurlhandlerMapping作為處理器映射器，配置文件如下
<?xmlversion="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd
">
<!-- 自動裝配bean -->
<!-- 自動檢測bean -->
<context:component-scan
base-package="com.hellospringmvc"
></context:component-scan>
<bean id ="helloController" class ="com.hellospringmvc.HelloController"></bean>
<!-- 配置處理器映射器 -->
<!-- 根據bean的name進行查找Handler 將action的url配置在bean的name中 -->
<bean
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping">
<propertyname="mappings">
<props>
<propkey="/helloController.action">helloController</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 配置處理器適配器 -->
<bean
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter"/>
<!-- 配置視圖解析器
要求將jstl的包加到classpath
-->
<beanclass="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix"value="/WEB-INF/" />
<property name="suffix"value=".jsp" />
</bean>
</beans>
5.POJO編寫
在src目錄下新建com.hellospringmvc包，新建Item類
packagecom.hellospringmvc;
importorg.springframework.stereotype.Component;
public classItem {
private int id;
private String name;
private String detail;
public String getDetail() {
return detail;
}
public void setDetail(String detail) {
this.detail = detail;
}
private double price;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public double getPrice() {
return price;
}
public void setPrice(double price) {
this.price = price;
}
}
6.Handler編寫
com.hellospringmvc包下新建HelloController類
packagecom.hellospringmvc;
importjava.util.ArrayList;
importjava.util.List;
importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
importorg.springframework.ui.ModelMap;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
importorg.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
importorg.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
importorg.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller;
public classHelloController implements Controller{
@Override
public ModelAndViewhandleRequest(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponseresponse) throws Exception {
//商品列表
List<Item> itemsList =new ArrayList<Item>();
Item items_1 = new Item();
items_1.setName("聯想筆記本");
items_1.setPrice(6000f);
items_1.setDetail("ThinkPadT430 聯想筆記本電腦！");
Item items_2 = new Item();
items_2.setName("蘋果手機");
items_2.setPrice(5000f);
items_2.setDetail("iphone6蘋果手機！");
itemsList.add(items_1);
itemsList.add(items_2);
//創建modelAndView準備填充數據、設置視圖
ModelAndView modelAndView =new ModelAndView();
//填充數據
modelAndView.addObject("itemsList",itemsList);
//視圖
modelAndView.setViewName("helloController");
return modelAndView;
}
}
7.發布網站。訪問http://localhost/HelloSpringMVC/helloController.action
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