利用 Sphinx 實現實時全文檢索
Sphinx 0.9.9及以前的版本,原生不支持實時索引,一般的做法是通過主索引+增量索引的方式來實現“準實時”索引,最新的1.10.1(trunk中,尚未發 布)終于支持real-time index,查看SVN中文檔,我們很容易利用Sphinx搭建一個按需索引(on demand index)的全文檢索系統。
參考文章:http://filiptepper.com/2010/05/27/real-time-indexing-and-searching-with-sphinx-1-10-1-dev.html
首先,從sphinxsearch的SVN下載最新的代碼,編譯安裝:
svn checkout http://sphinxsearch.googlecode.com/svn/trunk sphinx cd sphinx/ ./configure --prefix=/path/to/sphinx make make install
編譯沒問題的話,在sphinx安裝目錄下的etc,建立sphinx.conf的配置文件,記得一定指定中文編碼方面的配置搜索,否則中文會有問題:
index rt {
# 指定索引類型為real-time index
type = rt
# 指定utf-8編碼
charset_type = utf-8
# 指定utf-8的編碼表
charset_table = 0..9, A..Z->a..z, _, a..z, U+410..U+42F->U+430..U+44F, U+430..U+44F
# 一元分詞
ngram_len = 1
# 需要分詞的字符
ngram_chars = U+3000..U+2FA1F
# 索引文件保存地址
path = /path/to/sphinx/data/rt
# 索引列
rt_field = message
# 索引屬性
rt_attr_uint = message_id
}
searchd {
log = /path/to/sphinx/log/searchd.log
query_log = /path/to/sphinx/log/query.log
pid_file = /path/to/sphinx/log/searchd.pid
workers = threads
# sphinx模擬mysql接口,不需要真正的mysql,mysql41表示支持mysql4.1~mysql5.1協議
listen = 127.0.0.1:9527:mysql41
}
啟動sphinx服務:
/path/to/sphinx/bin/searchd --config /path/to/sphinx/etc/sphinx.conf
插入幾條數據看看:
ubuntu:chaoqun ~:mysql -h127.0.0.1 -P9527 Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 1 Server version: 1.10.1-dev (r2351) Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> INSERT INTO rt VALUES (1, 'this message has a body', 1); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec) mysql> INSERT INTO rt VALUES (2, '測試中文OK', 2); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql>
測試全文檢索:
mysql> SELECT * FROM rt WHERE MATCH('message');
+------+--------+------------+
| id | weight | message_id |
+------+--------+------------+
| 1 | 1643 | 1 |
+------+--------+------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> SELECT * FROM rt WHERE MATCH('OK');
+------+--------+------------+
| id | weight | message_id |
+------+--------+------------+
| 2 | 1643 | 2 |
+------+--------+------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> SELECT * FROM rt WHERE MATCH('中');
+------+--------+------------+
| id | weight | message_id |
+------+--------+------------+
| 2 | 1643 | 2 |
+------+--------+------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> SELECT * FROM rt WHERE MATCH('我');
Empty set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
簡單方便,碼完收工。
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