Android Http請求方法匯總
這篇文章主要實現了在Android中使用JDK的HttpURLConnection和Apache的HttpClient訪問網絡資源，服務端采用python+flask編寫，使用Servlet太麻煩了。關于Http協議的相關知識，可以在網上查看相關資料。代碼比較簡單，就不詳細解釋了。
1. 使用JDK中HttpURLConnection訪問網絡資源
(1)get請求
public String executeHttpGet() {
String result = null;
URL url = null;
HttpURLConnection connection = null;
InputStreamReader in = null;
try {
url = new URL("
}
return result;
}</pre> <p>注意：因為是通過android模擬器訪問本地pc服務端，所以不能使用localhost和127.0.0.1，使用127.0.0.1會訪問模擬器自身。Android系統為實現通信將PC的IP設置為10.0.2.2</p>
(2)post請求
public String executeHttpPost() {
String result = null;
URL url = null;
HttpURLConnection connection = null;
InputStreamReader in = null;
try {
url = new URL("
in = new InputStreamReader(connection.getInputStream());
BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(in);
StringBuffer strBuffer = new StringBuffer();
String line = null;
while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
strBuffer.append(line);
}
result = strBuffer.toString();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (connection != null) {
connection.disconnect();
}
if (in != null) {
try {
in.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
return result;
}</pre> <p>如果參數中有中文的話，可以使用下面的方式進行編碼解碼：</p>
URLEncoder.encode("測試","utf-8")
URLDecoder.decode("測試","utf-8"); 2.使用Apache的HttpClient訪問網絡資源
(1)get請求
public String executeGet() {
String result = null;
BufferedReader reader = null;
try {
HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
HttpGet request = new HttpGet();
request.setURI(new URI(
"
StringBuffer strBuffer = new StringBuffer("");
String line = null;
while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
strBuffer.append(line);
}
result = strBuffer.toString();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (reader != null) {
try {
reader.close();
reader = null;
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
return result;
}</pre> <p>（2）post請求</p>
public String executePost() {
String result = null;
BufferedReader reader = null;
try {
HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
HttpPost request = new HttpPost();
request.setURI(new URI("
HttpResponse response = client.execute(request);
reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(response
.getEntity().getContent()));
StringBuffer strBuffer = new StringBuffer("");
String line = null;
while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
strBuffer.append(line);
}
result = strBuffer.toString();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (reader != null) {
try {
reader.close();
reader = null;
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
return result;
}</pre> <p>3.服務端代碼實現<br />
上面是采用兩種方式的get和post請求的代碼，下面來實現服務端的代碼編寫，使用python+flask真的非常的簡單，就一個文件，前提是你得搭建好python+flask的環境，代碼如下：</p>
#coding=utf-8
import json
from flask import Flask,request,render_template
app = Flask(name)
def send_ok_json(data=None):
if not data:
data = {}
ok_json = {'ok':True,'reason':'','data':data}
return json.dumps(ok_json)
@app.route('/data/get/',methods=['GET'])
def data_get():
token = request.args.get('token')
ret = '%s**%s' %(token,'get')
return send_ok_json(ret)
@app.route('/data/post/',methods=['POST'])
def data_post():
token = request.form.get('token')
ret = '%s**%s' %(token,'post')
return send_ok_json(ret)
if name == "main":
app.run(host="localhost",port=8888,debug=True)</pre>
運行服務器，如圖：
4. 編寫單元測試代碼
右擊項目：new–》Source Folder取名tests，包名是：com.alexzhou.androidhttp.test（隨便取，沒有要求），結構如圖：
在該包下創建測試類HttpTest，繼承自AndroidTestCase。編寫這四種方式的測試方法，代碼如下:
public class HttpTest extends AndroidTestCase {
@Override
protected void setUp() throws Exception {
Log.e("HttpTest", "setUp");
}
@Override
protected void tearDown() throws Exception {
Log.e("HttpTest", "tearDown");
}
public void testExecuteGet() {
Log.e("HttpTest", "testExecuteGet");
HttpClientTest client = HttpClientTest.getInstance();
String result = client.executeGet();
Log.e("HttpTest", result);
}
public void testExecutePost() {
Log.e("HttpTest", "testExecutePost");
HttpClientTest client = HttpClientTest.getInstance();
String result = client.executePost();
Log.e("HttpTest", result);
}
public void testExecuteHttpGet() {
Log.e("HttpTest", "testExecuteHttpGet");
HttpClientTest client = HttpClientTest.getInstance();
String result = client.executeHttpGet();
Log.e("HttpTest", result);
}
public void testExecuteHttpPost() {
Log.e("HttpTest", "testExecuteHttpPost");
HttpClientTest client = HttpClientTest.getInstance();
String result = client.executeHttpPost();
Log.e("HttpTest", result);
}
}</pre>
附上HttpClientTest.java的其他代碼：
public class HttpClientTest {
private static final Object mSyncObject = new Object();
private static HttpClientTest mInstance;
private HttpClientTest() {
}
public static HttpClientTest getInstance() {
synchronized (mSyncObject) {
if (mInstance != null) {
return mInstance;
}
mInstance = new HttpClientTest();
}
return mInstance;
}
/*...上面的四個方法.../
}</pre>
現在還需要修改Android項目的配置文件AndroidManifest.xml，添加網絡訪問權限和單元測試的配置，AndroidManifest.xml配置文件的全部代碼如下：
<manifest xmlns:android="
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
<uses-sdk
android:minSdkVersion="8"
android:targetSdkVersion="15" />
<application
android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >
<uses-library android:name="android.test.runner" />
<activity
android:name=".MainActivity"
android:label="@string/title_activity_main" >
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
</application>
<instrumentation
android:name="android.test.InstrumentationTestRunner"
android:targetPackage="com.alexzhou.androidhttp" />
</manifest></pre>
注意：
android:name=”android.test.InstrumentationTestRunner”這部分不用更改
android:targetPackage=”com.alexzhou.androidhttp”，填寫應用程序的包名
5.測試結果
展開測試類HttpTest，依次選中這四個測試方法，右擊：Run As–》Android Junit Test。
(1)運行testExecuteHttpGet，結果如圖：
(2)運行testExecuteHttpPost，結果如圖：
(3)運行testExecuteGet，結果如圖：
(4)運行testExecutePost，結果如圖：
轉載請注明來自：Alex Zhou，本文鏈接：http://codingnow.cn/android/723.html</span></span></span></span></span>