理解Android的手勢識別
基礎
GestureDetector的工作原理是,當我們接收到用戶觸摸消息時,將這個消息交給GestureDetector去加工,我們通過設置偵聽器獲得GestureDetector處理后的手勢。
GestureDetector提供了兩個偵聽器接口,OnGestureListener處理單擊類消息,OnDoubleTapListener處理雙擊類消息。
OnGestureListener的接口有這幾個:
// 單擊,觸摸屏按下時立刻觸發
abstract boolean onDown(MotionEvent e);
// 抬起,手指離開觸摸屏時觸發(長按、滾動、滑動時,不會觸發這個手勢)
abstract boolean onSingleTapUp(MotionEvent e);
// 短按,觸摸屏按下后片刻后抬起,會觸發這個手勢,如果迅速抬起則不會
abstract void onShowPress(MotionEvent e);
// 長按,觸摸屏按下后既不抬起也不移動,過一段時間后觸發
abstract void onLongPress(MotionEvent e);
// 滾動,觸摸屏按下后移動
abstract boolean onScroll(MotionEvent e1, MotionEvent e2, float distanceX, float distanceY);
// 滑動,觸摸屏按下后快速移動并抬起,會先觸發滾動手勢,跟著觸發一個滑動手勢
abstract boolean onFling(MotionEvent e1, MotionEvent e2, float velocityX, float velocityY);
OnDoubleTapListener的接口有這幾個:
// 雙擊,手指在觸摸屏上迅速點擊第二下時觸發
abstract boolean onDoubleTap(MotionEvent e);
// 雙擊的按下跟抬起各觸發一次
abstract boolean onDoubleTapEvent(MotionEvent e);
// 單擊確認,即很快的按下并抬起,但并不連續點擊第二下
abstract boolean onSingleTapConfirmed(MotionEvent e);
有時候我們并不需要處理上面所有手勢,方便起見,Android提供了另外一個類SimpleOnGestureListener實現了如上接口,我們只需要繼承SimpleOnGestureListener然后重載感興趣的手勢即可。
應用
STEP 1: 創建手勢偵聽對象
package noodies.blog.csdn.net; import android.content.Context; import android.view.MotionEvent; import android.view.GestureDetector.SimpleOnGestureListener; import android.widget.Toast; public class MyGestureListener extends SimpleOnGestureListener { private Context mContext; MyGestureListener(Context context) { mContext = context; } @Override public boolean onDown(MotionEvent e) { Toast.makeText(mContext, "DOWN " + e.getAction(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); return false; } @Override public void onShowPress(MotionEvent e) { Toast.makeText(mContext, "SHOW " + e.getAction(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } @Override public boolean onSingleTapUp(MotionEvent e) { Toast.makeText(mContext, "SINGLE UP " + e.getAction(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); return false; } @Override public boolean onScroll(MotionEvent e1, MotionEvent e2, float distanceX, float distanceY) { Toast.makeText(mContext, "SCROLL " + e2.getAction(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); return false; } @Override public void onLongPress(MotionEvent e) { Toast.makeText(mContext, "LONG " + e.getAction(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } @Override public boolean onFling(MotionEvent e1, MotionEvent e2, float velocityX, float velocityY) { Toast.makeText(mContext, "FLING " + e2.getAction(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); return false; } @Override public boolean onDoubleTap(MotionEvent e) { Toast.makeText(mContext, "DOUBLE " + e.getAction(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); return false; } @Override public boolean onDoubleTapEvent(MotionEvent e) { Toast.makeText(mContext, "DOUBLE EVENT " + e.getAction(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); return false; } @Override public boolean onSingleTapConfirmed(MotionEvent e) { Toast.makeText(mContext, "SINGLE CONF " + e.getAction(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); return false; } }
STEP 2: 設置手勢識別
我們可以在Activity里設置手勢識別:
package noodies.blog.csdn.net; import android.app.Activity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.GestureDetector; import android.view.MotionEvent; public class GestureTestActivity extends Activity { private GestureDetector mGestureDetector; @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); mGestureDetector = new GestureDetector(this, new MyGestureListener(this)); } @Override public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) { return mGestureDetector.onTouchEvent(event); } } 也可以在自定義的View里面設置手勢識別: package noodies.blog.csdn.net; import android.content.Context; import android.util.AttributeSet; import android.view.GestureDetector; import android.view.MotionEvent; import android.view.View; public class MyView extends View { private GestureDetector mGestureDetector; public MyView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) { super(context, attrs); mGestureDetector = new GestureDetector(context, new MyGestureListener(context)); setLongClickable(true); this.setOnTouchListener(new OnTouchListener() { public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) { return mGestureDetector.onTouchEvent(event); } }); } }
陷阱
對于自定義View,使用手勢識別有兩處陷阱可能會浪費你的不少時間。
1:View必須設置longClickable為true,否則手勢識別無法正確工作,只會返回Down, Show, Long三種手勢
2:必須在View的onTouchListener中調用手勢識別,而不能像Activity一樣重載onTouchEvent,否則同樣手勢識別無法正確工作
測試結果
下面是各種操作返回的手勢序列,數值0表示觸摸屏按下,1表示抬起
單擊:down 0, single up 1, single conf 0
短按:down 0, show 0, single up 1
長按:down 0, show 0, long 0
雙擊:down 0, single up 1, double 0, double event 0, down 0, double event 1
滾動:down 0, (show 0), scrool 2...
滑動:down 0, (show 0), scrool 2..., fling 1