<?php // Include the phpass library require_once('phpass-03/PasswordHash.php') // Initialize the hasher without portable hashes (this is more secure) $hasher = new PasswordHash(8, false); // Hash the password. $hashedPassword will be a 60-character string. $hashedPassword = $hasher->HashPassword('my super cool password'); // You can now safely store the contents of $hashedPassword in your database! // Check if a user has provided the correct password by comparing what they // typed with our hash $hasher->CheckPassword('the wrong password', $hashedPassword);  // false $hasher->CheckPassword('my super cool password', $hashedPassword);  // true ?> 

<?php try{     // Create a new connection.     // You'll probably want to replace hostname with localhost in the first parameter.     // The PDO options we pass do the following:     // \PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE enables exceptions for errors.  This is optional but can be handy.     // \PDO::ATTR_PERSISTENT disables persistent connections, which can cause concurrency issues in certain cases.  See "Gotchas".     // \PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_INIT_COMMAND alerts the connection that we'll be passing UTF-8 data.     // This may not be required depending on your configuration, but it'll save you headaches down the road     // if you're trying to store Unicode strings in your database.  See "Gotchas".     $link = new \PDO(   'mysql:host=your-hostname;dbname=your-db', 
                        'your-username', 
                        'your-password', 
                        array(                             \PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE => \PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION, 
                            \PDO::ATTR_PERSISTENT => false, 
                            \PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_INIT_COMMAND => 'set names utf8mb4'                         )                     );  
    $handle = $link->prepare('select Username from Users where UserId = ? or Username = ? limit ?');  
    // PHP bug: if you don't specify PDO::PARAM_INT, PDO may enclose the argument in quotes.     // This can mess up some MySQL queries that don't expect integers to be quoted.     // See: https://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=44639     // If you're not sure whether the value you're passing is an integer, use the is_int() function.     $handle->bindValue(1, 100, PDO::PARAM_INT);     $handle->bindValue(2, 'Bilbo Baggins');     $handle->bindValue(3, 5, PDO::PARAM_INT);  
    $handle->execute();  
    // Using the fetchAll() method might be too resource-heavy if you're selecting a truly massive amount of rows.     // If that's the case, you can use the fetch() method and loop through each result row one by one.     // You can also return arrays and other things instead of objects.  See the PDO documentation for details.     $result = $handle->fetchAll(\PDO::FETCH_OBJ);  
    foreach($result as $row){         print($row->Username);     } } catch(\PDOException $ex){     print($ex->getMessage()); } ?> 

<?php // First, define your auto-load function function MyAutoload($className){     include_once($className . '.php'); } // Next, register it with PHP spl_autoload_register('MyAutoload'); // Try it out! // Since we haven't included a file defining the MyClass object, our // auto-loader will kick in and include MyClass.php. // For this example, assume the MyClass class is defined in the MyClass.php // file. $var = new MyClass(); ?> 

<?php // Let's see how the two methods treat namespaces namespace MiddleEarth\Creatures\Dwarves; const GIMLI_ID = 1; define('MiddleEarth\Creatures\Elves\LEGOLAS_ID', 2); echo(\MiddleEarth\Creatures\Dwarves\GIMLI_ID);  // 1 echo(\MiddleEarth\Creatures\Elves\LEGOLAS_ID);  // 2; note that we used define() // Now let's declare some bit-shifted constants representing ways to enter Mordor. define('TRANSPORT_METHOD_SNEAKING', 1 << 0); // OK! const TRANSPORT_METHOD_WALKING = 1 << 1; //Compile error! const can't use expressions as values  // Next, conditional constants. define('HOBBITS_FRODO_ID', 1);  if($isGoingToMordor){     define('TRANSPORT_METHOD', TRANSPORT_METHOD_SNEAKING); // OK!     const PARTY_LEADER_ID = HOBBITS_FRODO_ID // Compile error: const can't be used in an if block }  // Finally, class constants class OneRing{     const MELTING_POINT_DEGREES = 1000000; // OK!     define('SHOW_ELVISH_DEGREES', 200); // Compile error: can't use define() within a class } ?> 

<?php // Store some values in the APC cache.  We can optionally pass a time-to-live,  // but in this example the values will live forever until they're garbage-collected by APC. apc_store('username-1532', 'Frodo Baggins'); apc_store('username-958', 'Aragorn'); apc_store('username-6389', 'Gandalf');  // After storing these values, any PHP script can access them, no matter when it's run! $value = apc_fetch('username-958', $success); if($success === true)     print($value); // Aragorn  $value = apc_fetch('username-1', $success); // $success will be set to boolean false, because this key doesn't exist. if($success !== true) // Note the !==, this checks for true boolean false, not "falsey" values like 0 or empty string.     print('Key not found');  apc_delete('username-958'); // This key will no longer be available. ?> 

<?php // Include the PHPMailer library require_once('phpmailer-5.1/class.phpmailer.php');  // Passing 'true' enables exceptions.  This is optional and defaults to false. $mailer = new PHPMailer(true);  // Send a mail from Bilbo Baggins to Gandalf the Grey  // Set up to, from, and the message body.  The body doesn't have to be HTML; // check the PHPMailer documentation for details. $mailer->Sender = 'bbaggins@example.com'; $mailer->AddReplyTo('bbaggins@example.com', 'Bilbo Baggins'); $mailer->SetFrom('bbaggins@example.com', 'Bilbo Baggins'); $mailer->AddAddress('gandalf@example.com'); $mailer->Subject = 'The finest weed in the South Farthing'; $mailer->MsgHTML('<p>You really must try it, Gandalf!</p><p>-Bilbo</p>');  // Set up our connection information. $mailer->IsSMTP(); $mailer->SMTPAuth = true; $mailer->SMTPSecure = 'ssl'; $mailer->Port = 465; $mailer->Host = 'my smpt host'; $mailer->Username = 'my smtp username'; $mailer->Password = 'my smtp password';  // All done! $mailer->Send(); ?> 

<?php filter_var('sgamgee@example.com', FILTER_VALIDATE_EMAIL); //Returns "sgamgee@example.com". This is a valid email address. filter_var('sauron@mordor', FILTER_VALIDATE_EMAIL); // Returns boolean false! This is *not* a valid email address. ?> 

<?php // Oh no!  The user has submitted malicious HTML, and we have to display it in our web app! $evilHtml = '<div onclick="xss();">Mua-ha-ha!  Twiddling my evil mustache...</div>';  // Use the ENT_QUOTES flag to make sure both single and double quotes are escaped. // Use the UTF-8 character encoding if you've stored the text as UTF-8 (as you should have). // See the UTF-8 section in this document for more details. $safeHtml = htmlentities($evilHtml, ENT_QUOTES, 'UTF-8'); // $safeHtml is now fully escaped HTML.  You can output $safeHtml to your users without fear! ?> 

<?php // Include the HTML Purifier library require_once('htmlpurifier-4.4.0/HTMLPurifier.auto.php');  // Oh no!  The user has submitted malicious HTML, and we have to display it in our web app! $evilHtml = '<div onclick="xss();">Mua-ha-ha!  Twiddling my evil mustache...</div>';  // Set up the HTML Purifier object with the default configuration. $purifier = new HTMLPurifier(HTMLPurifier_Config::createDefault());  $safeHtml = $purifier->purify($evilHtml); // $safeHtml is now sanitized.  You can output $safeHtml to your users without fear! ?> 

<?php // Tell PHP that we're using UTF-8 strings until the end of the script mb_internal_encoding('UTF-8');  // Tell PHP that we'll be outputting UTF-8 to the browser mb_http_output('UTF-8');  // Our UTF-8 test string $string = 'A? galiu valgyti stikl? ir jis man?s ne?eid?ia';  // Transform the string in some way with a multibyte function $string = mb_substr($string, 0, 10);  // Connect to a database to store the transformed string // See the PDO example in this document for more information // Note the `set names utf8mb4` commmand! $link = new \PDO(   'mysql:host=your-hostname;dbname=your-db',                     'your-username',                     'your-password',                     array(                         \PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE => \PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION,                         \PDO::ATTR_PERSISTENT => false,                         \PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_INIT_COMMAND => 'set names utf8mb4'                     )                 );      // Store our transformed string as UTF-8 in our database // Assume our DB and tables are in the utf8mb4 character set and collation $handle = $link->prepare('insert into Sentences (Id, Body) values (?, ?)'); $handle->bindValue(1, 1, PDO::PARAM_INT); $handle->bindValue(2, $string); $handle->execute();  // Retrieve the string we just stored to prove it was stored correctly $handle = $link->prepare('select * from Sentences where Id = ?'); $handle->bindValue(1, 1, PDO::PARAM_INT); $handle->execute();     // Store the result into an object that we'll output later in our HTML $result = $handle->fetchAll(\PDO::FETCH_OBJ); ?><!doctype html> <html>     <head>         <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />         <title>UTF-8 test page</title>     </head>     <body>         <?php         foreach($result as $row){             print($row->Body);  // This should correctly output our transformed UTF-8 string to the browser         }         ?>     </body> </html> 

<?php // Construct a new UTC date.  Always specify UTC unless you really know what you're doing! $date = new DateTime('2011-05-04 05:00:00', new DateTimeZone('UTC'));  // Add ten days to our initial date $date->add(new DateInterval('P10D'));  echo($date->format('Y-m-d h:i:s')); // 2011-05-14 05:00:00  // Sadly we don't have a Middle Earth timezone // Convert our UTC date to the PST (or PDT, depending) time zone $date->setTimezone(new DateTimeZone('America/Los_Angeles'));  // Note that if you run this line yourself, it might differ by an hour depending on daylight savings echo($date->format('Y-m-d h:i:s')); // 2011-05-13 10:00:00  $later = new DateTime('2012-05-20', new DateTimeZone('UTC'));  // Compare two dates if($date < $later)     echo('Yup, you can compare dates using these easy operators!');  // Find the difference between two dates $difference = $date->diff($later);  echo('The 2nd date is ' . $difference['days'] . ' later than 1st date.'); ?> 

<?php $x = 0; $y = null;  // Is $x null? if($x == null)     print('Oops! $x is 0, not null!');  // Is $y null? if(is_null($y))     print('Great, but could be faster.');  if($y === null)     print('Perfect!');  // Does the string abc contain the character a? if(strpos('abc', 'a'))     // GOTCHA!  strpos returns 0, indicating it wishes to return the position of the first character.     // But PHP interpretes 0 as false, so we never reach this print statement!     print('Found it!'); 
 //Solution: use !== (the opposite of ===) to see if strpos() returns 0, or boolean false.    if(strpos('abc', 'a') !== false)     print('Found it for real this time!'); ?>