Shell腳本中執行mysql語句
對于自動化運維，諸如備份恢復之類的，DBA經常需要將SQL語句封裝到shell腳本。本文描述了在Linux環境下mysql數據庫中，shell腳本下調用sql語句的幾種方法，供大家參考。對于腳本輸出的結果美化，需要進一步完善和調整。以下為具體的示例及其方法。
1、將SQL語句直接嵌入到shell腳本文件中
--演示環境 [root@SZDB ~]# more /etc/issue CentOS release 5.9 (Final) Kernel \r on an \m root@localhost[(none)]> show variables like 'version'; +---------------+------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +---------------+------------+ | version | 5.6.12-log | +---------------+------------+ [root@SZDB ~]# more shell_call_sql1.sh!/bin/bash
Define log
TIMESTAMP=
date +%Y%m%d%H%M%SLOG=callsql${TIMESTAMP}.log echo "Start execute sql statement atdate." >>${LOG}execute sql stat
mysql -uroot -p123456 -e " tee /tmp/temp.log drop database if exists tempdb; create database tempdb; use tempdb create table if not exists tb_tmp(id smallint,val varchar(20)); insert into tb_tmp values (1,'jack'),(2,'robin'),(3,'mark'); select * from tb_tmp; notee quit" echo -e "\n">>${LOG} echo "below is output result.">>${LOG} cat /tmp/temp.log>>${LOG} echo "script executed successful.">>${LOG} exit; [root@SZDB ~]# ./shell_call_sql1.sh Logging to file '/tmp/temp.log' +------+-------+ | id | val | +------+-------+ | 1 | jack | | 2 | robin | | 3 | mark | +------+-------+ Outfile disabled. --Author : Leshami --Blog : http://blog.csdn.net/leshami</pre>
2、命令行調用單獨的SQL文件
[root@SZDB ~]# more temp.sql tee /tmp/temp.log drop database if exists tempdb; create database tempdb; use tempdb create table if not exists tb_tmp(id smallint,val varchar(20)); insert into tb_tmp values (1,'jack'),(2,'robin'),(3,'mark'); select * from tb_tmp; notee [root@SZDB ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -e "source /root/temp.sql" Logging to file '/tmp/temp.log' +------+-------+ | id | val | +------+-------+ | 1 | jack | | 2 | robin | | 3 | mark | +------+-------+ Outfile disabled.3、使用管道符調用SQL文件
[root@SZDB ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 </root/temp.sql Logging to file '/tmp/temp.log' id val 1 jack 2 robin 3 mark Outfile disabled.使用管道符調用SQL文件以及輸出日志
[root@SZDB ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 </root/temp.sql >/tmp/temp.log [root@SZDB ~]# more /tmp/temp.log Logging to file '/tmp/temp.log' id val 1 jack 2 robin 3 mark Outfile disabled.</pre>
4、shell腳本中MySQL提示符下調用SQL
[root@SZDB ~]# more shell_call_sql2.sh!/bin/bash
mysql -uroot -p123456 <<EOF source /root/temp.sql; select current_date(); delete from tempdb.tb_tmp where id=3; select * from tempdb.tb_tmp where id=2; EOF exit; [root@SZDB ~]# ./shell_call_sql2.sh Logging to file '/tmp/temp.log' id val 1 jack 2 robin 3 mark Outfile disabled. current_date() 2014-10-14 id val 2 robin</pre>
5、shell腳本中變量輸入與輸出
[root@SZDB ~]# more shell_call_sql3.sh!/bin/bash
cmd="select count() from tempdb.tb_tmp" cnt=$(mysql -uroot -p123456 -s -e "${cmd}") echo "Current count is : ${cnt}" exit [root@SZDB ~]# ./shell_call_sql3.sh Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. Current count is : 3 [root@SZDB ~]# echo "select count() from tempdb.tb_tmp"|mysql -uroot -p123456 -s 3 [root@SZDB ~]# more shell_call_sql4.sh
!/bin/bash
id=1 cmd="select count(*) from tempdb.tb_tmp where id=${id}" cnt=$(mysql -uroot -p123456 -s -e "${cmd}") echo "Current count is : ${cnt}" exit [root@SZDB ~]# ./shell_call_sql4.sh Current count is : 1
以上腳本演示中，作拋磚引玉只用，對于輸出的結果不是很規整友好，需要進一步改善和提高。</pre>
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