Android 實現個性的ViewPager切換動畫 實戰PageTransformer(兼容Android3.0以下)

jopen 9年前發布 | 15K 次閱讀 ViewPager Android開發 移動開發

原文出處: 【張鴻洋的博客】  

1、概述

之前寫過一篇博文:Android 自定義 ViewPager 打造千變萬化的圖片切換效果。有兄弟提出,ViewPager自帶了一個setPageTransformer用于設置切換動畫~

本篇博文,將:

1、介紹如何使用setPageTransformer設置切換動畫;

2、自定義PageTransformer實現個性的切換動畫;

3、該方法在SDK11以下的版本不起作用,我們會對其做一定修改,讓其向下兼容。

官方示例地址:http://developer.android.com/training/animation/screen-slide.html 有興趣的可以去看看~~

好了,下面開始編寫代碼~~

2、setPageTransformer的使用

首先我們迅速的實現一個傳統的ViewPager效果~

1、布局文件

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent" >

    <android.support.v4.view.ViewPager
        android:id="@+id/id_viewpager"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="fill_parent" />

</RelativeLayout>

2、MainActivity

package com.zhy.demo_zhy_08_viewpageranim;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v4.view.PagerAdapter;
import android.support.v4.view.ViewPager;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.view.Window;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.ImageView.ScaleType;

public class MainActivity extends Activity
{
    private ViewPager mViewPager;
    private int[] mImgIds = new int[] { R.drawable.guide_image1,
            R.drawable.guide_image2, R.drawable.guide_image3 };
    private List<ImageView> mImageViews = new ArrayList<ImageView>();

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
    {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

        requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        initData();

        mViewPager = (ViewPager) findViewById(R.id.id_viewpager);

        mViewPager.setAdapter(new PagerAdapter()
        {
            @Override
            public Object instantiateItem(ViewGroup container, int position)
            {

                container.addView(mImageViews.get(position));
                return mImageViews.get(position);
            }

            @Override
            public void destroyItem(ViewGroup container, int position,
                    Object object)
            {

                container.removeView(mImageViews.get(position));
            }

            @Override
            public boolean isViewFromObject(View view, Object object)
            {
                return view == object;
            }

            @Override
            public int getCount()
            {
                return mImgIds.length;
            }
        });

    }

    private void initData()
    {
        for (int imgId : mImgIds)
        {
            ImageView imageView = new ImageView(getApplicationContext());
            imageView.setScaleType(ScaleType.CENTER_CROP);
            imageView.setImageResource(imgId);
            mImageViews.add(imageView);
        }
    }

}

好了,這樣一個傳統ViewPager就實現了~~大家對上面代碼應該不會有任何陌生的感覺~運行效果也不用貼圖了,大家肯定知道~~

3、PageTransformer

ViewPager有個方法叫做:

setPageTransformer(boolean reverseDrawingOrder, PageTransformer transformer) 用于設置ViewPager切換時的動畫效果,并且google官方還給出了兩個示例。

只需要在上述代碼中調用setPageTransformer即可添加切換動畫效果~~下面演示google的兩個PageTransformer的代碼,以及運行效果。

1、DepthPageTransformer

public class DepthPageTransformer implements ViewPager.PageTransformer {
    private static final float MIN_SCALE = 0.75f;

    public void transformPage(View view, float position) {
        int pageWidth = view.getWidth();

        if (position < -1) { // [-Infinity,-1)
            // This page is way off-screen to the left.
            view.setAlpha(0);

        } else if (position <= 0) { // [-1,0]
            // Use the default slide transition when moving to the left page
            view.setAlpha(1);
            view.setTranslationX(0);
            view.setScaleX(1);
            view.setScaleY(1);

        } else if (position <= 1) { // (0,1]
            // Fade the page out.
            view.setAlpha(1 - position);

            // Counteract the default slide transition
            view.setTranslationX(pageWidth * -position);

            // Scale the page down (between MIN_SCALE and 1)
            float scaleFactor = MIN_SCALE
                    + (1 - MIN_SCALE) * (1 - Math.abs(position));
            view.setScaleX(scaleFactor);
            view.setScaleY(scaleFactor);

        } else { // (1,+Infinity]
            // This page is way off-screen to the right.
            view.setAlpha(0);
        }
    }
}

調用代碼:

mViewPager.setPageTransformer(true, new DepthPageTransformer());

效果:

2、ZoomOutPageTransformer

package com.zhy.view;

import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
import android.support.v4.view.ViewPager;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;

public class ZoomOutPageTransformer implements ViewPager.PageTransformer
{
    private static final float MIN_SCALE = 0.85f;
    private static final float MIN_ALPHA = 0.5f;

    @SuppressLint("NewApi")
    public void transformPage(View view, float position)
    {
        int pageWidth = view.getWidth();
        int pageHeight = view.getHeight();

        Log.e("TAG", view + " , " + position + "");

        if (position < -1)
        { // [-Infinity,-1)
            // This page is way off-screen to the left.
            view.setAlpha(0);

        } else if (position <= 1) //a頁滑動至b頁 ; a頁從 0.0 -1 ;b頁從1 ~ 0.0
        { // [-1,1]
            // Modify the default slide transition to shrink the page as well
            float scaleFactor = Math.max(MIN_SCALE, 1 - Math.abs(position));
            float vertMargin = pageHeight * (1 - scaleFactor) / 2;
            float horzMargin = pageWidth * (1 - scaleFactor) / 2;
            if (position < 0)
            {
                view.setTranslationX(horzMargin - vertMargin / 2);
            } else
            {
                view.setTranslationX(-horzMargin + vertMargin / 2);
            }

            // Scale the page down (between MIN_SCALE and 1)
            view.setScaleX(scaleFactor);
            view.setScaleY(scaleFactor);

            // Fade the page relative to its size.
            view.setAlpha(MIN_ALPHA + (scaleFactor - MIN_SCALE)
                    / (1 - MIN_SCALE) * (1 - MIN_ALPHA));

        } else
        { // (1,+Infinity]
            // This page is way off-screen to the right.
            view.setAlpha(0);
        }
    }
}

調用代碼:

mViewPager.setPageTransformer(true, new ZoomOutPageTransformer());

效果:

效果圖都是google官網上的,我們的測試圖會在兼容3.0以下貼出來,不然就重復了~~

為ViewPager添加切換就一行代碼是不是很happy,可惜是不兼容3.0以下的版本的,該方法的注釋上寫到:

setting a PageTransformer prior to Android 3.0 (API 11) will have no effect 在3.0之前的版本設置此方法是沒有效果的,那么下面我們就看如何讓其兼容3.0以下版本。

3、版本的向下兼容

1、不兼容的原因

首先看下為什么不兼容,3.0以下呢?

看上面的兩個示例代碼,代碼中View的動畫使用的是屬性動畫,而屬性動畫是3.0才推出的,那么這么寫肯定是不兼容3.0以下了~

那么我們首先引入nineoldandroids,讓動畫先能在3.0以下跑再說:

修改DepthPageTransformer

package com.zhy.view;

import com.nineoldandroids.view.ViewHelper;

import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
import android.support.v4.view.ViewPager;
import android.view.View;

public class DepthPageTransformer implements ViewPager.PageTransformer
{
    private static final float MIN_SCALE = 0.75f;

    public void transformPage(View view, float position)
    {
        int pageWidth = view.getWidth();

        if (position < -1)
        { // [-Infinity,-1)
            // This page is way off-screen to the left.
            // view.setAlpha(0);
            ViewHelper.setAlpha(view, 0);
        } else if (position <= 0)// a頁滑動至b頁 ; a頁從 0.0 -1 ;b頁從1 ~ 0.0
        { // [-1,0]
            // Use the default slide transition when moving to the left page
            // view.setAlpha(1);
            ViewHelper.setAlpha(view, 1);
            // view.setTranslationX(0);
            ViewHelper.setTranslationX(view, 0);
            // view.setScaleX(1);
            ViewHelper.setScaleX(view, 1);
            // view.setScaleY(1);
            ViewHelper.setScaleY(view, 1);

        } else if (position <= 1)
        { // (0,1]
            // Fade the page out.
            // view.setAlpha(1 - position);
            ViewHelper.setAlpha(view, 1 - position);

            // Counteract the default slide transition
            // view.setTranslationX(pageWidth * -position);
            ViewHelper.setTranslationX(view, pageWidth * -position);

            // Scale the page down (between MIN_SCALE and 1)
            float scaleFactor = MIN_SCALE + (1 - MIN_SCALE) * (1 - position);
            // view.setScaleX(scaleFactor);
            ViewHelper.setScaleX(view, scaleFactor);
            // view.setScaleY(1);
            ViewHelper.setScaleY(view, scaleFactor);

        } else
        { // (1,+Infinity]
            // This page is way off-screen to the right.
            // view.setAlpha(0);
            ViewHelper.setAlpha(view, 1);
        }
    }
}

很簡單,把所有屬性動畫換成ViewHelper去設置就好了。現在我們去3.0以下的機子上去運行,發現還是沒有效果~~~

為什么呢?

我們再去看看setPageTransformer的源碼:

 public void setPageTransformer(boolean reverseDrawingOrder, PageTransformer transformer) {
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 11) {
            final boolean hasTransformer = transformer != null;
            final boolean needsPopulate = hasTransformer != (mPageTransformer != null);
            mPageTransformer = transformer;
            setChildrenDrawingOrderEnabledCompat(hasTransformer);
            if (hasTransformer) {
                mDrawingOrder = reverseDrawingOrder ? DRAW_ORDER_REVERSE : DRAW_ORDER_FORWARD;
            } else {
                mDrawingOrder = DRAW_ORDER_DEFAULT;
            }
            if (needsPopulate) populate();
        }
    }

終于發現原因了,原來在此方法內部判斷了如果是11以上的版本才讓動畫生效~~

 

public void setPageTransformer(boolean reverseDrawingOrder, ViewPager.PageTransformer transformer) {
//        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 11) 
        {
            final boolean hasTransformer = transformer != null;
            final boolean needsPopulate = hasTransformer != (mPageTransformer != null);
            mPageTransformer = transformer;
            setChildrenDrawingOrderEnabledCompat(hasTransformer);
            if (hasTransformer) {
                mDrawingOrder = reverseDrawingOrder ? DRAW_ORDER_REVERSE : DRAW_ORDER_FORWARD;
            } else {
                mDrawingOrder = DRAW_ORDER_DEFAULT;
            }
            if (needsPopulate) populate();
        }
    }

那么,沒辦法了,如果想兼容,必須修改ViewPager的源碼了~~

2、完美向下兼容

我們將ViewPager的源碼拷貝一份至我們的項目中,修改名稱為ViewPagerCompat;然后注釋掉SDK版本判斷那一句

public class ViewPagerCompat extends ViewGroup {
public void setPageTransformer(boolean reverseDrawingOrder, ViewPager.PageTransformer transformer) {  
//        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 11)   
        {  
            final boolean hasTransformer = transformer != null;  
            final boolean needsPopulate = hasTransformer != (mPageTransformer != null);  
            mPageTransformer = transformer;  
            setChildrenDrawingOrderEnabledCompat(hasTransformer);  
            if (hasTransformer) {  
                mDrawingOrder = reverseDrawingOrder ? DRAW_ORDER_REVERSE : DRAW_ORDER_FORWARD;  
            } else {  
                mDrawingOrder = DRAW_ORDER_DEFAULT;  
            }  
            if (needsPopulate) populate();  
        }  
    }  
...
}

注意,所有的PageTransformer使用ViewPager.PageTransformer

然后我們把項目中的ViewPager改為ViewPagerCompat;記得修改布局文件,以及MainActivity中的ViewPager為ViewPagerCompat

我們在2.3.3的模擬器上測試下效果:

可以看到,我們的切換動畫完美的運行在2.3.3的機器上~~so happy ~~沒有ViewPager源碼的童鞋不要緊,我會在文末的源碼下載中加入ViewPager源碼,讓你可以盡情去測試~~

當然了,僅僅是兼容當然不能滿足我們的好奇心,難道我們做到了兼容,還只能使用Google給的示例動畫么~~我們強大的創新呢~~下面帶領大家分析setPageTransformer方法,然后設計一個個性的動畫切換效果

4、自定義PageTransformer實現個性切換動畫

 public interface PageTransformer {
        /**
         * Apply a property transformation to the given page.
         *
         * @param page Apply the transformation to this page
         * @param position Position of page relative to the current front-and-center
         *                 position of the pager. 0 is front and center. 1 is one full
         *                 page position to the right, and -1 is one page position to the left.
         */
        public void transformPage(View page, float position);
    }

可以看到該接口只有一個方法,第一個是我們的view,第二個是position~~

當我們滑動時:會打印出當然ViewPager中存活的每個View以及它們的position的變化~~注意是每一個,所以建議別只log position,不然你會覺得莫名其妙的輸出~~

position的可能性的值有,其實從官方示例的注釋就能看出:

[-Infinity,-1) 已經看不到了

(1,+Infinity] 已經看不到了

[-1,1]

重點看[-1,1]這個區間 , 其他兩個的View都已經看不到了~~

假設現在ViewPager在A頁現在滑出B頁,則:

A頁的position變化就是( 0, -1]

B頁的position變化就是[ 1 , 0 ]

知道了我們滑動時position的變化~~那么就開始設計我們的個性的切換效果;

官方給的例子,有變化透明度、偏移量、縮放的,我們準備來個不一樣的,我們變化角度,即rotation;

大概的效果是這樣的:

下面我們分析代碼:

我們設置View的旋轉中心為:

ViewHelper.setPivotX(view, view.getMeasuredWidth() * 0.5f);
ViewHelper.setPivotY(view, view.getMeasuredHeight());

依然是ViewPager在A頁現在滑出B頁

那么A頁應當在滑動過程中0度到-20度的偏移,B頁應當在滑動過程中+20度到0度的偏移

結合

A頁的position變化就是( 0, -1]

B頁的position變化就是[ 1 , 0 ]

那么旋轉的角度即:mRot = (20 * position); A頁 mRot :0 ,~ -20 ; B頁 mRot :20 ~ 0 ;

瞬間覺得好簡單:

完整代碼:

package com.zhy.view;

import com.nineoldandroids.view.ViewHelper;

import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
import android.support.v4.view.ViewPager;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;

public class RotateDownPageTransformer implements ViewPager.PageTransformer
{

    private static final float ROT_MAX = 20.0f;
    private float mRot;

    public void transformPage(View view, float position)
    {

        Log.e("TAG", view + " , " + position + "");

        if (position < -1)
        { // [-Infinity,-1)
            // This page is way off-screen to the left.
            ViewHelper.setRotation(view, 0);

        } else if (position <= 1) // a頁滑動至b頁 ; a頁從 0.0 ~ -1 ;b頁從1 ~ 0.0
        { // [-1,1]
            // Modify the default slide transition to shrink the page as well
            if (position < 0)
            {

                mRot = (ROT_MAX * position);
                ViewHelper.setPivotX(view, view.getMeasuredWidth() * 0.5f);
                ViewHelper.setPivotY(view, view.getMeasuredHeight());
                ViewHelper.setRotation(view, mRot);
            } else
            {

                mRot = (ROT_MAX * position);
                ViewHelper.setPivotX(view, view.getMeasuredWidth() * 0.5f);
                ViewHelper.setPivotY(view, view.getMeasuredHeight());
                ViewHelper.setRotation(view, mRot);
            }

            // Scale the page down (between MIN_SCALE and 1)

            // Fade the page relative to its size.

        } else
        { // (1,+Infinity]
            // This page is way off-screen to the right.
            ViewHelper.setRotation(view, 0);
        }
    }
}

你沒看錯,if else 里面代碼是一樣的,為了好理解特意沒有合并到一起~~~

到此,我們從setPageTransformer使用,到修改ViewPager做到向下兼容,直至自己定義出個性的切換效果 都已經介紹完畢~~

大家可以發揮自己的創造力,做出各種神奇的動畫效果,ok,就到這里!

如果你喜歡自定義ViewPager來實現,請移步:Android 自定義 ViewPager 打造千變萬化的圖片切換效果

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