Android程序設計-RecyclerView的使用

jopen 9年前發布 | 24K 次閱讀 Android開發移動開發 RecyclerView

原文 http://www.cnblogs.com/boy1025/p/4635490.html

【定義】

看到這個標題，也許你會問什么是RecyclerView?其實開始的時候我也不知道- -，下面小編將帶領大家領略RecyclerView的強大之處

【描述】

看完這個我想大家應該知道了吧，這個東西和ListView一樣，只不過，這個…在設計的時候不需要考慮上述幾個功能，即使要實現這幾個功能，也是很簡單的，僅僅需要幾句話就可以搞定的

【使用】

使用的時候需要導入recyclerview-v7-21.0.0的jar包，然后在布局文件中添加這個控件

<android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView/>

---------------------------------------------------------------我是一個帥帥的分割線-------------------------------------------------------

【案例】

小編將通過一個案例實現RecyclerView的使用，下面請看這個案例的實現效果

Android程序設計-RecyclerView的使用

【關鍵步驟】

1.在布局文件中添加了對用的控件后，我們需要書寫代碼，既然和ListView肯定需要適配器，下面我們來看下適配器

package org.monster.recyclerviewdemo;
import android.content.Context;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.TextView;
import java.util.List;
/**
 * Created by monster on 2015/7/9.
 * 繼承RecyclerView，實現ListView的效果
 * RecyclerView中google強烈要求使用ViewHolder
 */
public class SimpleAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<MyViewHolder>{
  private List<String> mData;
  private Context context;
  private LayoutInflater mInflater;
  /**
   * 聲明一個接口，用于實現點擊事件
   */
  public interface  OnItemClickListener{
    void OnItemClick(int position,View view);
    void OnItemLongClick(int position,View view);
  }
  private OnItemClickListener mOnItemClickListener;
  public  void setOnItemClickListener(OnItemClickListener listener){
    this.mOnItemClickListener=listener;
  }
  /**構造方法的實現**/
  public SimpleAdapter(List<String> mData,Context context){
    this.mData=mData;
    this.context=context;
    mInflater=LayoutInflater.from(context);
  }
  /**
   * 創建ViewHolder
   * @param parent
   * @param viewType
   * @return
   */
  @Override
  public MyViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
    View view=mInflater.inflate(R.layout.recycler_item,parent,false);
    MyViewHolder viewHolder=new MyViewHolder(view);
    return viewHolder;
  }
  /**
   * 綁定ViewHolder類,即給控件賦值
   * @param holder
   * @param position
   */
  @Override
  public void onBindViewHolder(final MyViewHolder holder, final int position) {
    holder.tv.setText(mData.get(position));
    if (mOnItemClickListener!=null){
      holder.itemView.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {
          int LayoutPosition=holder.getLayoutPosition(); //得到布局的position
          mOnItemClickListener.OnItemClick(LayoutPosition,holder.itemView);
        }
      });
      //longclickListener
      holder.itemView.setOnLongClickListener(new View.OnLongClickListener() {
        @Override
        public boolean onLongClick(View v) {
          int LayoutPosition=holder.getLayoutPosition(); //得到布局的position
          mOnItemClickListener.OnItemLongClick(LayoutPosition,holder.itemView);
          return false;
        }
      });
    }
  }
  @Override
  public int getItemCount() {
    return mData.size();
  }
  public void addData(int position){
    mData.add(position,"Insert One");
    notifyItemInserted(position);
  }
  public void deleteData(int position){
    mData.remove(position);
    notifyItemRemoved(position);
  }
}
/**
 * ViewHolder類，這個類的作用主要用于實例化控件
 */
  class MyViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder{
    TextView tv; //聲明控件
    public MyViewHolder(View itemView) {
      super(itemView);
      /**初始化控件**/
      tv= (TextView) itemView.findViewById(R.id.tv);
    }
  }

ps:

代碼中我們可以看到我們繼承了RecyclerView.Adapter<MyViewHolder>，實現了未實現的方法，但是一定要注意，google在這里要求必須實現ViewHolder這個類，我們通過代碼知道，通過設計了ViewHolder使我們的類更加的簡潔了，更重要的是我們的代碼更加的實用了。

2.我們來看下MainActivity中的代碼：

package org.monster.recyclerviewdemo;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.widget.DefaultItemAnimator;
import android.support.v7.widget.GridLayoutManager;
import android.support.v7.widget.LinearLayoutManager;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.support.v7.widget.StaggeredGridLayoutManager;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Switch;
import android.widget.Toast;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class MainActivity extends ActionBarActivity {
  private RecyclerView recyclerView;
  private List<String> mDatas;
  private SimpleAdapter adapter;
  @Override
  protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    initDatas();
    initView();
    adapter=new SimpleAdapter(mDatas,this);
    recyclerView.setAdapter(adapter);
    //設置RecyclerView的布局管理
    LinearLayoutManager layoutManager=new LinearLayoutManager(this,LinearLayoutManager.VERTICAL,false);
    recyclerView.setLayoutManager(layoutManager);
    //設置RecyclerView的item間的分割線
     // recyclerView.addItemDecoration(new DividerItemDecoration(this,DividerItemDecoration.VERTICAL_LIST));
    //設置RecyclerView的動畫
    recyclerView.setItemAnimator(new DefaultItemAnimator());
    //設置監聽事件
    adapter.setOnItemClickListener(new SimpleAdapter.OnItemClickListener() {
      @Override
      public void OnItemClick(int position, View view) {
        Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"Click: "+position,Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
      }
      @Override
      public void OnItemLongClick(int position, View view) {
        Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"Long click: "+position,Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
      }
    });
  }
  private void initView() {
    recyclerView= (RecyclerView) findViewById(R.id.RecyclerView);
  }
  /**
   * 加載數據源
   */
  private void initDatas() {
    mDatas=new ArrayList<String>();
    for(int i='A';i<'z';i++){
      mDatas.add(" "+(char)i);
    }
  }
  @Override
  public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
    // Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
    getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.menu_main, menu);
    return true;
  }
  @Override
  public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
    // Handle action bar item clicks here. The action bar will
    // automatically handle clicks on the Home/Up button, so long
    // as you specify a parent activity in AndroidManifest.xml.
    int id = item.getItemId();
    switch (id){
      case R.id.action_add:
        adapter.addData(1);
        break;
      case R.id.action_delete:
        adapter.deleteData(1);
        break;
      case R.id.action_listview:
        recyclerView.setLayoutManager(new LinearLayoutManager(this));
        break;
      case R.id.action_gridview:
        recyclerView.setLayoutManager(new GridLayoutManager(this,3));
        break;
      case R.id.action_hor_gridview:
        recyclerView.setLayoutManager(new StaggeredGridLayoutManager(3,StaggeredGridLayoutManager.HORIZONTAL));
        break;
      case R.id.action_staggered:
        Intent i=new Intent(this,StaggerActivity.class);
        startActivity(i);
        break;
    }
    return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
  }
}

PS:

適配器的使用和ListView的使用一樣，但是這時候當我們運行程序會發現沒有分割線，整個頁面成一個了，所以我們需要使用addItemDecoration添加分割線

   設置RecyclerView的item間的分割線
       recyclerView.addItemDecoration(new DividerItemDecoration(this,DividerItemDecoration.VERTICAL_LIST));

Comic Sans MS在分割線的部分我們需要引入github中的一個分割線文件：

package org.monster.recyclerviewdemo;
/*
 * Copyright (C) 2014 The Android Open Source Project
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.res.TypedArray;
import android.graphics.Canvas;
import android.graphics.Rect;
import android.graphics.drawable.Drawable;
import android.support.v7.widget.LinearLayoutManager;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
/**
 * This class is from the v7 samples of the Android SDK. It's not by me!
 * <p/>
 * See the license above for details.
 */
public class DividerItemDecoration extends RecyclerView.ItemDecoration
{
  private static final int[] ATTRS = new int[] { android.R.attr.listDivider };
  public static final int HORIZONTAL_LIST = LinearLayoutManager.HORIZONTAL;
  public static final int VERTICAL_LIST = LinearLayoutManager.VERTICAL;
  private Drawable mDivider;
  private int mOrientation;
  public DividerItemDecoration(Context context, int orientation)
  {
    final TypedArray a = context.obtainStyledAttributes(ATTRS);
    mDivider = a.getDrawable(0);
    a.recycle();
    setOrientation(orientation);
  }
  public void setOrientation(int orientation)
  {
    if (orientation != HORIZONTAL_LIST && orientation != VERTICAL_LIST)
    {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException("invalid orientation");
    }
    mOrientation = orientation;
  }
  @Override
  public void onDraw(Canvas c, RecyclerView parent)
  {
     if (mOrientation == VERTICAL_LIST) {
        drawVertical(c, parent);
      } else {
        drawHorizontal(c, parent);
      }
  }
  public void drawVertical(Canvas c, RecyclerView parent)
  {
    final int left = parent.getPaddingLeft();
    final int right = parent.getWidth() - parent.getPaddingRight();
    final int childCount = parent.getChildCount();
    for (int i = 0; i < childCount; i++)
    {
      final View child = parent.getChildAt(i);
      RecyclerView v = new RecyclerView(
          parent.getContext());
      final RecyclerView.LayoutParams params = (RecyclerView.LayoutParams) child
          .getLayoutParams();
      final int top = child.getBottom() + params.bottomMargin;
      final int bottom = top + mDivider.getIntrinsicHeight();
      mDivider.setBounds(left, top, right, bottom);
      mDivider.draw(c);
    }
  }
  public void drawHorizontal(Canvas c, RecyclerView parent)
  {
    final int top = parent.getPaddingTop();
    final int bottom = parent.getHeight() - parent.getPaddingBottom();
    final int childCount = parent.getChildCount();
    for (int i = 0; i < childCount; i++)
    {
      final View child = parent.getChildAt(i);
      final RecyclerView.LayoutParams params = (RecyclerView.LayoutParams) child
          .getLayoutParams();
      final int left = child.getRight() + params.rightMargin;
      final int right = left + mDivider.getIntrinsicHeight();
      mDivider.setBounds(left, top, right, bottom);
      mDivider.draw(c);
    }
  }
  @Override
  public void getItemOffsets(Rect outRect, int itemPosition,
      RecyclerView parent)
  {
    if (mOrientation == VERTICAL_LIST)
    {
      outRect.set(0, 0, 0, mDivider.getIntrinsicHeight());
    } else
    {
      outRect.set(0, 0, mDivider.getIntrinsicWidth(), 0);
    }
  }
}

如何在RecyleView中設計布局管理？這個布局管理可以讓你的頁面實現ListView和GridView的自由切換

      //設置RecyclerView的布局管理
        LinearLayoutManager layoutManager=new LinearLayoutManager(this,LinearLayoutManager.VERTICAL,false);
        recyclerView.setLayoutManager(layoutManager);

如何咋RecyclerView中增加添加item和刪除item的動畫？

（附錄動畫效果的Github鏈接： https://github.com/gabrielemariotti/RecyclerViewItemAnimators ）

 //設置RecyclerView的動畫 recyclerView.setItemAnimator(new DefaultItemAnimator());

如何在對Recycler中的item設置監聽事件？這個監聽事件系統不提供，需要我們手動編寫

--->我們需要在適配器添加一個接口：

/**
 * 聲明一個接口，用于實現點擊事件
 */
public interface  OnItemClickListener{
  void OnItemClick(int position,View view);
  void OnItemLongClick(int position,View view);
}
private OnItemClickListener mOnItemClickListener;
public  void setOnItemClickListener(OnItemClickListener listener){
  this.mOnItemClickListener=listener;
}
/**構造方法的實現**/
public SimpleAdapter(List<String> mData,Context context){
  this.mData=mData;
  this.context=context;
  mInflater=LayoutInflater.from(context);
}

--->在onBindViewHolder中設置監聽事件的方法

/**
   * 綁定ViewHolder類,即給控件賦值
   * @param holder
   * @param position
   */
  @Override
  public void onBindViewHolder(final MyViewHolder holder, final int position) {
    holder.tv.setText(mData.get(position));
    if (mOnItemClickListener!=null){
      holder.itemView.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {
          int LayoutPosition=holder.getLayoutPosition(); //得到布局的position
          mOnItemClickListener.OnItemClick(LayoutPosition,holder.itemView);
        }
      });
      //longclickListener
      holder.itemView.setOnLongClickListener(new View.OnLongClickListener() {
        @Override
        public boolean onLongClick(View v) {
          int LayoutPosition=holder.getLayoutPosition(); //得到布局的position
          mOnItemClickListener.OnItemLongClick(LayoutPosition,holder.itemView);
          return false;
        }
      });
    }
  }

--->>在MainActivity中調用如

//設置監聽事件
adapter.setOnItemClickListener(new SimpleAdapter.OnItemClickListener() {
  @Override
  public void OnItemClick(int position, View view) {
    Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"Click: "+position,Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
  }
  @Override
  public void OnItemLongClick(int position, View view) {
    Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"Long click: "+position,Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
  }
});

上述即為RecyclerView的簡單實用，程序中的其他樣式敬請參考【源碼】

【視頻】

http://www.imooc.com/learn/424

【源碼】

https://github.com/monsterLin/recyclerviewdemo

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Android開發移動開發 RecyclerView