應用插件化實踐--DroidPlugin的使用

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隨著應用的體積越來越大, 插件化也逐漸受到關注, 參考. 應用插件化把模塊完全解耦, 使用下載更新的方式, 擴展應用, 是平臺化類應用的必然選擇. 國內很多公司實現了各式各樣的方法, 360的DroidPlugin是比較有意思的一個, 使用預占位的方式注冊四大組件, 實現熱更新, 參考, 也可以直接讀源碼理解實現邏輯.

Talk is cheap, show you the code! 如何把DroidPlugin用起來呢? 這是我比較關注的事情, 開源的Demo寫的如此悲傷, 我來重新梳理一下, 又添加了幾個功能測試. 引入DroidPlugin作為Submodule的依賴.

Github下載地址 和 測試Apk.

使用方法, 生成測試apk, 和其他若干apk, 放入Download文件夾下.
adb命令: adb push app-debug.apk /sdcard/Download/app-debug.apk
確保Download文件夾下, 有.apk后綴名的文件.

主要
(1) 插件安裝后, 可以直接啟動, 不需要任何冗余操作.
(2) 宿主的權限要多于插件的權限, 否則會權限不足.
(3) 宿主和插件, 可以通過隱式Intent進行通信.

1. 主頁

使用TabLayout+ViewPager的架構, 包含兩個頁面, 一個是安裝\刪除頁面, 另一個是啟動\卸載頁面. 為了測試和插件的Intent通信, 增加跳轉功能和顯示信息功能.

/** * 主頁面, 使用TabLayout+ViewPager. * 子頁面, 使用RecyclerView. * * @author wangchenlong */
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    @Bind(R.id.main_tl_tabs) TabLayout mTlTabs; // Tabs
    @Bind(R.id.main_vp_container) ViewPager mVpContainer; // ViewPager
    @Bind(R.id.main_b_goto) Button mBGoto; // 跳轉插件的按鈕

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        ButterKnife.bind(this);

        PagerAdapter adapter = new PagerAdapter(getSupportFragmentManager());
        mVpContainer.setAdapter(adapter);
        mTlTabs.setupWithViewPager(mVpContainer);
        mBGoto.setOnClickListener(this::gotoPlugin);

        Intent intent = getIntent();
        if (intent != null && intent.getStringExtra(PluginConsts.MASTER_EXTRA_STRING) != null) {
            String words = "say: " + intent.getStringExtra(PluginConsts.MASTER_EXTRA_STRING);
            Toast.makeText(this, words, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    }

    // 跳轉控件
    private void gotoPlugin(View view) {
        if (isActionAvailable(view.getContext(), PluginConsts.PLUGIN_ACTION_MAIN)) {
            Intent intent = new Intent(PluginConsts.PLUGIN_ACTION_MAIN);
            intent.putExtra(PluginConsts.PLUGIN_EXTRA_STRING, "Hello, My Plugin!");
            startActivity(intent);
        } else {
            Toast.makeText(view.getContext(), "跳轉失敗", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    }

    // Action是否允許
    public static boolean isActionAvailable(Context context, String action) {
        Intent intent = new Intent(action);
        return context.getPackageManager().resolveActivity(intent, 0) != null;
    }
}

ViewPager適配器

/** * ViewPager的適配器 * <p> * Created by wangchenlong on 16/1/8. */
public class PagerAdapter extends FragmentPagerAdapter {

    private static final String[] TITLES = {
            "已安裝",
            "未安裝"
    };

    public PagerAdapter(FragmentManager fm) {
        super(fm);
    }

    @Override public Fragment getItem(int position) {
        if (position == 0) {
            return new StartFragment(); // 已安裝頁
        } else {
            return new StoreFragment(); // 想要安裝頁
        }
    }

    @Override public int getCount() {
        return TITLES.length;
    }

    @Override
    public CharSequence getPageTitle(int position) {
        return TITLES[position];
    }
}

2. 加載頁

顯示Download文件夾下的Apk信息. 使用RecyclerView實現apk列表, 復用Adapter, 標志位(ApkOperator.TYPE_STORE)區分頁面. 使用Rx異步掃描Download文件夾, 添加至列表. 接收服務連接狀態, 成功則自動顯示Apk.

/** * 安裝Apk的頁面, 使用RecyclerView. * <p> * Created by wangchenlong on 16/1/8. */
public class StoreFragment extends Fragment {

    @Bind(R.id.list_rv_recycler) RecyclerView mRvRecycler;

    private ApkListAdapter mStoreAdapter; // 適配器

    // 服務連接
    private ServiceConnection mServiceConnection = new ServiceConnection() {
        @Override public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
            loadApks();
        }

        @Override public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {

        }
    };

    @Nullable @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_list, container, false);
        ButterKnife.bind(this, view);
        return view;
    }

    @Override public void onViewCreated(View view, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState);
        LinearLayoutManager llm = new LinearLayoutManager(view.getContext());
        llm.setOrientation(LinearLayoutManager.VERTICAL);
        mRvRecycler.setLayoutManager(llm);

        mStoreAdapter = new ApkListAdapter(getActivity(), ApkOperator.TYPE_STORE);
        mRvRecycler.setAdapter(mStoreAdapter);

        if (PluginManager.getInstance().isConnected()) {
            loadApks();
        } else {
            PluginManager.getInstance().addServiceConnection(mServiceConnection);
        }
    }

    // 加載Apk
    private void loadApks() {
        // 異步加載, 防止Apk過多, 影響速度
        Observable.just(getApkFromDownload())
                .subscribeOn(Schedulers.newThread())
                .observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread())
                .subscribe(mStoreAdapter::setApkItems);
    }

    // 從下載文件夾獲取Apk
    private ArrayList<ApkItem> getApkFromDownload() {
        File files = Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_DOWNLOADS);
        PackageManager pm = getActivity().getPackageManager();
        ArrayList<ApkItem> apkItems = new ArrayList<>();
        for (File file : files.listFiles()) {
            if (file.exists() && file.getPath().toLowerCase().endsWith(".apk")) {
                final PackageInfo info = pm.getPackageArchiveInfo(file.getPath(), 0);
                apkItems.add(new ApkItem(pm, info, file.getPath()));
            }
        }
        return apkItems;
    }

    @Override
    public void onDestroyView() {
        super.onDestroyView();
        ButterKnife.unbind(this);
        PluginManager.getInstance().removeServiceConnection(mServiceConnection);
    }
}

適配器, 負責列表顯示, 操作交由ViewHolder進行處理.

/** * 啟動的適配器 * <p> * Created by wangchenlong on 16/1/13. */
public class ApkListAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<ApkItemViewHolder> {

    private ArrayList<ApkItem> mApkItems;
    private Activity mActivity;
    private int mType; // 類型

    public ApkListAdapter(Activity activity, int type) {
        mActivity = activity;
        mApkItems = new ArrayList<>();
        mType = type;
    }

    public void setApkItems(ArrayList<ApkItem> apkItems) {
        mApkItems = apkItems;
        notifyDataSetChanged();
    }

    public void addApkItem(ApkItem apkItem) {
        mApkItems.add(apkItem);
        notifyItemInserted(mApkItems.size() + 1);
    }

    public void removeApkItem(ApkItem apkItem) {
        mApkItems.remove(apkItem);
        notifyDataSetChanged();
    }

    public ApkItem getApkItem(int index) {
        return mApkItems.get(index);
    }

    public int getCount() {
        return mApkItems.size();
    }

    @Override public ApkItemViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
        View view = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(R.layout.apk_item, parent, false);
        return new ApkItemViewHolder(mActivity, view, mType, this::removeApkItem);
    }

    @Override public void onBindViewHolder(ApkItemViewHolder holder, int position) {
        holder.bindTo(mApkItems.get(position));
    }

    @Override public int getItemCount() {
        return mApkItems.size();
    }
}

注意, 在設置Item時, 需要刷新列表, 使用notifyDataSetChanged或notifyItemInserted.

ViewHolder, 控制列表點擊事件, 根據頁面類型, 修改調用方法.

/** * Apk的列表, 參考: R.layout.apk_item * <p> * Created by wangchenlong on 16/1/13. */
public class ApkItemViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {

    @Bind(R.id.apk_item_iv_icon) ImageView mIvIcon; // 圖標
    @Bind(R.id.apk_item_tv_title) TextView mTvTitle; // 標題
    @Bind(R.id.apk_item_tv_version) TextView mTvVersion; // 版本號
    @Bind(R.id.apk_item_b_do) Button mBDo; // 確定按鈕
    @Bind(R.id.apk_item_b_undo) Button mBUndo; // 取消按鈕

    private ApkItem mApkItem; // Apk項
    private Context mContext; // 上下文
    private ApkOperator mApkOperator; // Apk操作
    private int mType; // 類型

    /** * 初始化ViewHolder * * @param activity Dialog綁定Activity * @param itemView 項視圖 * @param type 類型, 加載或啟動 * @param callback 刪除Item的調用 */
    public ApkItemViewHolder(Activity activity, View itemView
            , int type, ApkOperator.RemoveCallback callback) {
        super(itemView);
        ButterKnife.bind(this, itemView);
        mContext = activity.getApplicationContext();
        mApkOperator = new ApkOperator(activity, callback); // Apk操作
        mType = type; // 類型
    }

    // 綁定ViewHolder
    public void bindTo(ApkItem apkItem) {
        mApkItem = apkItem;

        mIvIcon.setImageDrawable(apkItem.icon);
        mTvTitle.setText(apkItem.title);
        mTvVersion.setText(String.format("%s(%s)", apkItem.versionName, apkItem.versionCode));

        // 修改文字
        if (mType == ApkOperator.TYPE_STORE) {
            mBUndo.setText("刪除");
            mBDo.setText("安裝");
        } else if (mType == ApkOperator.TYPE_START) {
            mBUndo.setText("卸載");
            mBDo.setText("啟動");
        }

        mBUndo.setOnClickListener(this::onClickEvent);
        mBDo.setOnClickListener(this::onClickEvent);
    }

    // 點擊事件
    private void onClickEvent(View view) {
        if (mType == ApkOperator.TYPE_STORE) {
            if (view.equals(mBUndo)) {
                mApkOperator.deleteApk(mApkItem);
            } else if (view.equals(mBDo)) {
                // 安裝Apk較慢需要使用異步線程
                new InstallApkTask().execute();
            }
        } else if (mType == ApkOperator.TYPE_START) {
            if (view.equals(mBUndo)) {
                mApkOperator.uninstallApk(mApkItem);
            } else if (view.equals(mBDo)) {
                mApkOperator.openApk(mApkItem);
            }
        }
    }

    // 安裝Apk的線程, Rx無法使用.
    private class InstallApkTask extends AsyncTask<Void, Void, String> {
        @Override
        protected void onPostExecute(String v) {
            Toast.makeText(mContext, v, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
        }

        @Override
        protected String doInBackground(Void... params) {
            return mApkOperator.installApk(mApkItem);
        }
    }
}

注意, 安裝Apk使用異步線程(AsyncTask), 不能使用Rx.

3. 啟動頁

啟動頁面, 顯示已安裝的Apk, 包含啟動和卸載功能. 與安裝頁不同, 額外增加一個接收器, 負責接收安裝成功之后的廣播, 用于更新列表.

/** * 啟動Apk頁面 * <p> * Created by wangchenlong on 16/1/13. */
public class StartFragment extends Fragment {

    @Bind(R.id.list_rv_recycler) RecyclerView mRvRecycler;

    private ApkListAdapter mApkListAdapter; // 適配器
    private InstallApkReceiver mInstallApkReceiver; // Apk安裝接收器

    // 服務連接
    private final ServiceConnection mServiceConnection = new ServiceConnection() {
        @Override public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
            loadApks();
        }

        @Override public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {

        }
    };

    @Nullable @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_list, container, false);
        ButterKnife.bind(this, view);
        return view;
    }

    @Override public void onViewCreated(View view, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState);
        LinearLayoutManager llm = new LinearLayoutManager(view.getContext());
        llm.setOrientation(LinearLayoutManager.VERTICAL);
        mRvRecycler.setLayoutManager(llm);

        mApkListAdapter = new ApkListAdapter(getActivity(), ApkOperator.TYPE_START);
        mRvRecycler.setAdapter(mApkListAdapter);

        mInstallApkReceiver = new InstallApkReceiver();

        mInstallApkReceiver.registerReceiver(this.getActivity());

        if (PluginManager.getInstance().isConnected()) {
            loadApks();
        } else {
            PluginManager.getInstance().addServiceConnection(mServiceConnection);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onDestroyView() {
        super.onDestroyView();
        ButterKnife.unbind(this);
        mInstallApkReceiver.unregisterReceiver(this.getActivity());
    }

    // 加載Apk
    private void loadApks() {
        // 異步加載, 防止Apk過多, 影響速度
        Observable.just(getApkFromInstall())
                .subscribeOn(Schedulers.newThread())
                .observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread())
                .subscribe(mApkListAdapter::setApkItems);
    }

    // 獲取安裝中獲取Apk
    private ArrayList<ApkItem> getApkFromInstall() {
        ArrayList<ApkItem> apkItems = new ArrayList<>();
        try {
            final List<PackageInfo> infos = PluginManager.getInstance().getInstalledPackages(0);
            if (infos == null) {
                return apkItems;
            }
            final PackageManager pm = getActivity().getPackageManager();
            // noinspection all
            for (final PackageInfo info : infos) {
                apkItems.add(new ApkItem(pm, info, info.applicationInfo.publicSourceDir));
            }
        } catch (RemoteException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        return apkItems;
    }

    // 安裝Apk接收器
    private class InstallApkReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {

        // 注冊監聽
        public void registerReceiver(Context context) {
            IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter();
            filter.addAction(PluginManager.ACTION_PACKAGE_ADDED);
            filter.addAction(PluginManager.ACTION_PACKAGE_REMOVED);
            filter.addDataScheme("package");
            context.registerReceiver(this, filter);
        }

        // 關閉監聽
        public void unregisterReceiver(Context context) {
            context.unregisterReceiver(this);
        }

        @Override
        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
            // 監聽添加和刪除事件
            if (PluginManager.ACTION_PACKAGE_ADDED.equals(intent.getAction())) {
                try {
                    PackageManager pm = getActivity().getPackageManager();
                    String pkg = intent.getData().getAuthority();
                    PackageInfo info = PluginManager.getInstance().getPackageInfo(pkg, 0);
                    mApkListAdapter.addApkItem(new ApkItem(pm, info, info.applicationInfo.publicSourceDir));
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            } else if (PluginManager.ACTION_PACKAGE_REMOVED.equals(intent.getAction())) {
                String pkg = intent.getData().getAuthority();
                int num = mApkListAdapter.getCount();
                ApkItem removedItem = null;
                for (int i = 0; i < num; i++) {
                    ApkItem item = mApkListAdapter.getApkItem(i);
                    if (TextUtils.equals(item.packageInfo.packageName, pkg)) {
                        removedItem = item;
                        break;
                    }
                }
                if (removedItem != null) {
                    mApkListAdapter.removeApkItem(removedItem);
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

復用Adapter和ViewHolder, 代碼簡介之道.

4. 方法類

四大方法, 安裝\刪除\啟動\卸載, 在刪除和卸載時, 均會提示Dialog. 注意的是安裝Apk, 耗時較長, 需要使用異步線程.

/** * Apk操作, 包含刪除\安裝\卸載\啟動Apk * <p> * Created by wangchenlong on 16/1/13. */
public class ApkOperator {

    public static final int TYPE_STORE = 0; // 存儲Apk
    public static final int TYPE_START = 1; // 啟動Apk

    private Activity mActivity;       // 綁定Dialog
    private RemoveCallback mCallback; // 刪除Item的回調

    public ApkOperator(Activity activity, RemoveCallback callback) {
        mActivity = activity;
        mCallback = callback;
    }

    // 刪除Apk
    public void deleteApk(final ApkItem item) {
        AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(mActivity);
        builder.setTitle("警告");
        builder.setMessage("你確定要刪除" + item.title + "么？");
        builder.setNegativeButton("刪除", (dialog, which) -> {
            if (new File(item.apkFile).delete()) {
                mCallback.removeItem(item);
                Toast.makeText(mActivity, "刪除成功", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            } else {
                Toast.makeText(mActivity, "刪除失敗", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        });
        builder.setNeutralButton("取消", null);
        builder.show();
    }

    /** * 安裝Apk, 耗時較長, 需要使用異步線程 * * @param item Apk項 * @return [0:成功, 1:已安裝, -1:連接失敗, -2:權限不足, -3:安裝失敗] */
    public String installApk(final ApkItem item) {
        if (!PluginManager.getInstance().isConnected()) {
            return "連接失敗"; // 連接失敗
        }

        if (isApkInstall(item)) {
            return "已安裝"; // 已安裝
        }

        try {
            int result = PluginManager.getInstance().installPackage(item.apkFile, 0);
            boolean isRequestPermission = (result == PluginManager.INSTALL_FAILED_NO_REQUESTEDPERMISSION);
            if (isRequestPermission) {
                return "權限不足";
            }
        } catch (RemoteException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return "安裝失敗";
        }

        return "成功";
    }

    // Apk是否安裝
    private boolean isApkInstall(ApkItem apkItem) {
        PackageInfo info = null;
        try {
            info = PluginManager.getInstance().getPackageInfo(apkItem.packageInfo.packageName, 0);
        } catch (RemoteException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return info != null;
    }

    // 卸載Apk
    public void uninstallApk(final ApkItem item) {
        AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(mActivity);
        builder.setTitle("警告");
        builder.setMessage("警告，你確定要卸載" + item.title + "么？");
        builder.setNegativeButton("卸載", (dialog, which) -> {
            if (!PluginManager.getInstance().isConnected()) {
                Toast.makeText(mActivity, "服務未連接", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            } else {
                try {
                    PluginManager.getInstance().deletePackage(item.packageInfo.packageName, 0);
                    mCallback.removeItem(item);
                    Toast.makeText(mActivity, "卸載完成", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                } catch (RemoteException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        });
        builder.setNeutralButton("取消", null);
        builder.show();
    }

    // 打開Apk
    public void openApk(final ApkItem item) {
        PackageManager pm = mActivity.getPackageManager();
        Intent intent = pm.getLaunchIntentForPackage(item.packageInfo.packageName);
        intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
        mActivity.startActivity(intent);
    }

    // 刪除Item回調, Adapter調用刪除Item
    public interface RemoveCallback {
        void removeItem(ApkItem apkItem);
    }
}

5. 互動Apk

為了測試DroidPlugin的一些特性, 又寫了一個測試Apk.
測試插件和宿主的通信, 插件類的生命周期.

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private static final String TAG = "DEBUG-WCL: " + MainActivity.class.getSimpleName();

    @Bind(R.id.main_b_goto_master) Button mBGotoMaster;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        ButterKnife.bind(this);

        Intent intent = getIntent();
        if (intent != null && intent.getStringExtra(PluginConsts.PLUGIN_EXTRA_STRING) != null) {
            String words = "say: " + intent.getStringExtra(PluginConsts.PLUGIN_EXTRA_STRING);
            Toast.makeText(this, words, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }

        mBGotoMaster.setOnClickListener(this::gotoMaster);

        Log.d(TAG, "onCreate"); // 測試生命周期
    }

    @Override protected void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        Log.d(TAG, "onDestroy"); // 測試生命周期
    }

    // 跳轉控件
    private void gotoMaster(View view) {
        if (isActionAvailable(view.getContext(), PluginConsts.MASTER_ACTION_MAIN)) {
            Intent intent = new Intent(PluginConsts.MASTER_ACTION_MAIN);
            intent.putExtra(PluginConsts.MASTER_EXTRA_STRING, "Hello, My Master!");
            startActivity(intent);
        } else {
            Toast.makeText(view.getContext(), "跳轉失敗", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    }

    // Action是否允許
    public static boolean isActionAvailable(Context context, String action) {
        Intent intent = new Intent(action);
        return context.getPackageManager().resolveActivity(intent, 0) != null;
    }
}

有時間可以再試試其他公司的插件化. One by One.

OK, that’s all! Enjoy It.