githug史上最全攻略
githug-
githug通關筆記
githug通關大冒險&史上最全攻略
安裝githug
sudo gem install githug
在這個選項中，選擇y
No githug directory found, do you wish to create one? [yn] y
Question #1
Name: init Level: 1 Difficulty: *
A new directory, git_hug , has been created; initialize an empty repository in it.
Answer #1
cd git_hug git init
Question #2
Name: config Level: 2 Difficulty: *
Set up your git name and email, this is important so that your commits can be identified.
Answer #2
git config -l 查看所有設置
git config --unset-all user.name
git config —-add —global user.name ZZZ
git config —-add —global user.email XXX@YYY
注解：
--global use global config file ~/.gitconfig (or ~/.config/git/config
--system use system config file /etc/gitconfig
--local use repository config file
請記住name和email，稍后會驗證你剛才創建的名字和郵箱
Question #3
Name: add Level: 3 Difficulty: *
There is a file in your folder called README , you should add it to your staging area Note: You start each level with a new repo. Don't look for files from the previous one.
Answer #3
git add README
Question #4
Name: commit Level: 4 Difficulty: *
The README file has been added to your staging area, now commit it.
Answer #4
git commit -m "init"
Question #5
Name: clone Level: 5 Difficulty: * Clone the repository at https://github.com/Gazler/cloneme .
Answer #5
git clone https://github.com/Gazler/cloneme
Question #6
Name: clone_to_folder Level: 6 Difficulty: *
Clone the repository at https://github.com/Gazler/cloneme to my_cloned_repo .
Answer #6
git clone https://github.com/Gazler/cloneme my_cloned_repo
Question #7
Name: ignore Level: 7 Difficulty: **
The text editor 'vim' creates files ending in .swp (swap files) for all files that are currently open. We don't want them creeping into the repository. Make this repository ignore .swp files.
Answer #7
vi .gitignore 添加 ＊.swp
Question #8
Name: include Level: 8 Difficulty: **
Notice a few files with the '.a' extension. We want git to ignore all but the 'lib.a' file. vi .gitignore
Answer #8
添加*.a !lib.a 注意字符問題
Question #9
Name: status Level: 9 Difficulty: *
There are some files in this repository, one of the files is untracked, which file is it?
Answer #9
git status database.yml
Question #10
Name: number_of_files_committed Level: 10 Difficulty: *
There are some files in this repository, how many of the files will be committed?
Answer #10
git status 2
Question #11
Name: rm Level: 11 Difficulty: **
A file has been removed from the working tree, however the file was not removed from the repository. Find out what this file was and remove it.
Answer #11
git rm deleteme.rb
git rm命令把一個文件刪除，并把它從git的倉庫管理系統中移除。但是注意最后要執行git commit才真正提交到git倉庫
Question #12
Name: rm_cached Level: 12 Difficulty: **
A file has accidentally been added to your staging area, find out which file and remove it from the staging area. NOTE Do not remove the file from the file system, only from git. git rm --cached ..." to unstage
Answer #12
git rm --cached deleteme.rb
Question #13
Name: stash Level: 13 Difficulty: **
You've made some changes and want to work on them later. You should save them, but don't commit them.
Answer #13
git stash
當前工作區內容已被修改，但是并未完成。這時Boss來了，說前面的分支上面有一個Bug，需要立即修復。可是我又不想提交目前的修改，因為修改沒有完成。但是，不提交的話，又沒有辦法checkout到前面的分支。此時用Git Stash就相當于備份工作區了。然后在Checkout過去修改，就能夠達到保存當前工作區，并及時恢復的作用。 Use git stash when you want to record the current state of the working directory and the index, but want to go back to a clean working directory. The command saves your local modifications away and reverts the working directory to match the HEAD commit. 相當于保存當時暫存區和工作目錄，想回到純凈的工作目錄。
Question #14
Name: rename Level: 14 Difficulty: ***
We have a file called oldfile.txt . We want to rename it to newfile.txt and stage this change.
Answer #14
git mv oldfile.txt newfile.txt git add newfile.txt
Question #15
Name: restructure Level: 15 Difficulty: ***
You added some files to your repository, but now realize that your project needs to be restructured. Make a new folder named src and using Git move all of the .html files into this folder.
Answer #15
mkdir src git mv *.html src
Question #16
Name: log Level: 16 Difficulty: **
You will be asked for the hash of most recent commit. You will need to investigate the logs of the repository for this.
Answer #16
git log af37a6cea9a328fa49b37f36369ddb15a9d9abae
Question #17
Name: tag Level: 17 Difficulty: **
We have a git repo and we want to tag the current commit with new_tag .
Answer #17
git tag new_tag
Question #18
Name: push_tags Level: 18 Difficulty: **
There are tags in the repository that aren't pushed into remote repository. Push them now.
From /var/folders/gy/wj4_q1ss0sxd826lt10dy0ww0000gn/T/d20160119-1699-196dy5q/
- [new branch] master -> origin/master
Answer #18
git push origin --tags
Question #19
Name: commit_amend Level: 19 Difficulty: **
The README file has been committed, but it looks like the file forgotten_file.rb was missing from the commit. Add the file and amend your previous commit to include it.
Answer #19
git add forgotten_file.rb git commit --amend
Question #20
Name: commit_in_future Level: 20 Difficulty: **
Commit your changes with the future date (e.g. tomorrow).
Answer #20
git commit --date="Wed Feb 16 14:00 2037 +0100"
Question #21
Name: reset Level: 21 Difficulty: **
There are two files to be committed. The goal was to add each file as a separate commit, however both were added by accident. Unstage the file to_commit_second.rb using the reset command (don't commit anything).
Answer #21
git reset HEAD to_commit_second.rb 撤銷提交到暫存區的東東，重置到HEAD指針
Question #22
Name: reset_soft Level: 22 Difficulty: **
You committed too soon. Now you want to undo the last commit, while keeping the index.
Answer #22
git reset --soft HEAD^1 —-soft —hard —-mixed
Question #23
Name: checkout_file Level: 23 Difficulty: ***
A file has been modified, but you don't want to keep the modification. Checkout the config.rb file from the last commit.
Answer #23
git checkout -- config.rb
Question #24
Name: remote Level: 24 Difficulty: **
This project has a remote repository. Identify it.
Answer #24
git remote -v my_remote_repo
Question #25
Name: remote_url Level: 25 Difficulty: **
The remote repositories have a url associated to them. Please enter the url of remote_location.
Answer #25
git remote -v
https://github.com/githug/not_a_repo
Question #26
Name: pull Level: 26 Difficulty: **
You need to pull changes from your origin repository.
Answer #26
git pull origin mater
Question #27
Name: remote_add Level: 27 Difficulty: **
Add a remote repository called origin with the url https://github.com/githug/githug
Answer #27
git remote add origin https://github.com/githug/githug
Question #28
Name: push Level: 28 Difficulty: ***
Your local master branch has diverged from the remote origin/master branch. Rebase your commit onto origin/master and push it to remote.
remote: Counting objects: 2, done. remote: Compressing objects: 100% (2/2), done. remote: Total 2 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0) Unpacking objects: 100% (2/2), done. From /var/folders/gy/wj4_q1ss0sxd826lt10dy0ww0000gn/T/d20160119-2030-1j5obov/
- [new branch] master -> origin/master
Answer #28
git rebase origin/master git push origin master
Question #29
Name: diff Level: 29 Difficulty: **
There have been modifications to the app.rb file since your last commit. Find out which line has changed.
Answer #29
git diff app.rb
26
Question #30
Name: blame Level: 30 Difficulty: **
Someone has put a password inside the file config.rb find out who it was.
Answer #30
git blame config.rb
Question #31
Name: branch Level: 31 Difficulty: *
You want to work on a piece of code that has the potential to break things, create the branch test_code.
Answer #31
git branch test_code
Question #32
Name: checkout Level: 32 Difficulty: **
Create and switch to a new branch called my_branch. You will need to create a branch like you did in the previous level.
Answer #32
git checkout -b my_branch
Question #33
Name: checkout_tag Level: 33 Difficulty: **
You need to fix a bug in the version 1.2 of your app. Checkout the tag v1.2 .
Answer #33
git checkout -b v1.2
Question #34
Name: checkout_tag_over_branch Level: 34 Difficulty: **
You need to fix a bug in the version 1.2 of your app. Checkout the tag v1.2 (Note: There is also a branch named v1.2 ).
Answer #34
git checkout -b tags/v1.2
Question #35
Name: branch_at Level: 35 Difficulty: ***
You forgot to branch at the previous commit and made a commit on top of it. Create branch test_branch at the commit before the last.
Answer #35
git branch test_branch HEAD^1
Question #36
Name: delete_branch Level: 36 Difficulty: **
You have created too many branches for your project. There is an old branch in your repo called 'delete_me', you should delete it.
Answer #36
git branch -d delete_me
Question #37
Name: push_branch Level: 37 Difficulty: **
You've made some changes to a local branch and want to share it, but aren't yet ready to merge it with the 'master' branch. Push only 'test_branch' to the remote repository
Answer #37
git push origin test_branch
Question #38
Name: merge Level: 38 Difficulty: **
We have a file in the branch 'feature'; Let's merge it to the master branch.
Answer #38
git merge feature
Question #39
Name: fetch Level: 39 Difficulty: **
Looks like a new branch was pushed into our remote repository. Get the changes without merging them with the local repository
Answer #39
git fetch origin
Question #40
Name: rebase Level: 40 Difficulty: **
We are using a git rebase workflow and the feature branch is ready to go into master. Let's rebase the feature branch onto our master branch.
Answer #40
git checkout feature git rebase master
Question #41
Name: repack Level: 41 Difficulty: **
Optimise how your repository is packaged ensuring that redundant packs are removed.
Answer #41
git gc [這個需要搞明白]
Question #42
Name: cherry-pick Level: 42 Difficulty: ***
Your new feature isn't worth the time and you're going to delete it. But it has one commit that fills in README file, and you want this commit to be on the master as well.
Answer #42
需要先查看對應提交的hash。 git checkout new-feature git log git cherry-pick ca32a6dac7b6f97975edbe19a4296c2ee7682f68
Question #43
Name: grep Level: 43 Difficulty: **
Your project's deadline approaches, you should evaluate how many TODOs are left in your code
Answer #43
git grep ‘TODO' 4 git grep 'TODO' | wc -l
Question #44
Name: rename_commit Level: 44 Difficulty: ***
Correct the typo in the message of your first (non-root) commit.
Answer #44
git rebase -i HEAD~2 將first commit 的編輯選項改完r 就可以改名字。刪除多余的m
Question #45
Name: squash Level: 45 Difficulty: ****
You have committed several times but would like all those changes to be one commit.
Answer #45
git rebase -i HEAD~4 將后三個的命令統統改為s
Question #46
Name: merge_squash Level: 46 Difficulty: ***
Merge all commits from the long-feature-branch as a single commit.
Answer #46
git merge --squash long-feature-branch git commit -m "XXX"
Question #47
Name: reorder Level: 47 Difficulty: ****
You have committed several times but in the wrong order. Please reorder your commits.
Answer #47
git rebase -i HEAD~3 顛倒下順序。
Question #48
Name: bisect Level: 48 Difficulty: ***
A bug was introduced somewhere along the way. You know that running ruby prog.rb 5 should output 15. You can also run make test . What are the first 7 chars of the hash of the commit that introduced the bug.
Answer #48
git bisect start git bisect good f608824 git bisect master
每次都運行make test 運行成功 git bisect good 運行失敗 git bisect bad
18ed2ac
或者直接運行 git bisect run make test
Question #49
Name: stage_lines Level: 49 Difficulty: ****
You've made changes within a single file that belong to two different features, but neither of the changes are yet staged. Stage only the changes belonging to the first feature.
Answer #49
git add feature.rb -e 進入到編輯模式，將第二個提交刪掉
Question #50
Name: find_old_branch Level: 50 Difficulty: ****
You have been working on a branch but got distracted by a major issue and forgot the name of it. Switch back to that branch.
Answer #50
git reflog
894a16d HEAD@{0}: commit: commit another todo 6876e5b HEAD@{1}: checkout: moving from solve_world_hunger to kill_the_batman 324336a HEAD@{2}: commit: commit todo 6876e5b HEAD@{3}: checkout: moving from blowup_sun_for_ransom to solve_world_hunger 6876e5b HEAD@{4}: checkout: moving from kill_the_batman to blowup_sun_for_ransom 6876e5b HEAD@{5}: checkout: moving from cure_common_cold to kill_the_batman 6876e5b HEAD@{6}: commit (initial): initial commit
solve_world_hunger
Question #51
Name: revert Level: 51 Difficulty: ****
You have committed several times but want to undo the middle commit. All commits have been pushed, so you can't change existing history.
Answer #51
git revert ba649f24864329840bc97fe6117e69600c0fd8b2
Question #52
Name: restore Level: 52 Difficulty: ****
You decided to delete your latest commit by running git reset --hard HEAD^ . (Not a smart thing to do.) You then change your mind, and want that commit back. Restore the deleted commit.
Answer #52
git reflog 比較詳細的列出ref的變更歷史 git cherry-pick
Question #53
Name: conflict Level: 53 Difficulty: ****
You need to merge mybranch into the current branch (master). But there may be some incorrect changes in mybranch which may cause conflicts. Solve any merge-conflicts you come across and finish the merge.
Answer #53
git merge mybranch vi poem.txt 去除沖突部分 git add poem.txt
git commit -m "deal with conflict"
Question #54
Name: submodule Level: 54 Difficulty: **
You want to include the files from the following repo: https://github.com/jackmaney/githug-include-me into a the folder ./githug-include-me . Do this without cloning the repo or copying the files from the repo into this repo.
Answer #54
git submodule add https://github.com/jackmaney/githug-include-me ./githug-include-me
Question #55
Name: contribute Level: 55 Difficulty: ***
This is the final level, the goal is to contribute to this repository by making a pull request on GitHub. Please note that this level is designed to encourage you to add a valid contribution to Githug, not testing your ability to create a pull request. Contributions that are likely to be accepted are levels, bug fixes and improved documentation.
最后一個就看大家自己嘍～～