picasso-強大的Android圖片下載緩存庫
來自: http://www.jcodecraeer.com//a/anzhuokaifa/androidkaifa/2014/0731/1639.html
picasso是Square公司開源的一個Android圖形緩存庫,地址http://square.github.io/picasso/,可以實現圖片下載和緩存功能。僅僅只需要一行代碼就能完全實現圖片的異步加載:
Picasso.with(context).load("http://i.imgur.com/DvpvklR.png").into(imageView);
Api看起來非常獨特,是吧。
Picasso不僅實現了圖片異步加載的功能,還解決了android中加載圖片時需要解決的一些常見問題:
1.在adapter中需要取消已經不在視野范圍的ImageView圖片資源的加載,否則會導致圖片錯位,Picasso已經解決了這個問題。
2.使用復雜的圖片壓縮轉換來盡可能的減少內存消耗
3.自帶內存和硬盤二級緩存功能
特性以及示例代碼:
ADAPTER 中的下載:Adapter的重用會被自動檢測到,Picasso會取消上次的加載
@Override public void getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) { SquaredImageView view = (SquaredImageView) convertView; if (view == null) { view = new SquaredImageView(context); } String url = getItem(position); Picasso.with(context).load(url).into(view); }
圖片轉換:轉換圖片以適應布局大小并減少內存占用
Picasso.with(context) .load(url) .resize(50, 50) .centerCrop() .into(imageView);
你還可以自定義轉換:
public class CropSquareTransformation implements Transformation { @Override public Bitmap transform(Bitmap source) { int size = Math.min(source.getWidth(), source.getHeight()); int x = (source.getWidth() - size) / 2; int y = (source.getHeight() - size) / 2; Bitmap result = Bitmap.createBitmap(source, x, y, size, size); if (result != source) { source.recycle(); } return result; } @Override public String key() { return "square()"; } }
將CropSquareTransformation 的對象傳遞給transform 方法即可。
Place holders-空白或者錯誤占位圖片:picasso提供了兩種占位圖片,未加載完成或者加載發生錯誤的時需要一張圖片作為提示。
Picasso.with(context) .load(url) .placeholder(R.drawable.user_placeholder) .error(R.drawable.user_placeholder_error) .into(imageView);
如果加載發生錯誤會重復三次請求,三次都失敗才會顯示erro Place holder
資源文件的加載:除了加載網絡圖片picasso還支持加載Resources, assets, files, content providers中的資源文件。
Picasso.with(context).load(R.drawable.landing_screen).into(imageView1); Picasso.with(context).load(new File(...)).into(imageView2);
下面是picasso源碼的解析(不看不影響使用)
Cache,緩存類

this.map = new LinkedHashMap<String, Bitmap>(0, 0.75f, true);
private void trimToSize(int maxSize) { while (true) { String key; Bitmap value; synchronized (this) { if (size < 0 || (map.isEmpty() && size != 0)) { throw new IllegalStateException(getClass().getName() + ".sizeOf() is reporting inconsistent results!"); } if (size <= maxSize || map.isEmpty()) { break; } Map.Entry<String, Bitmap> toEvict = map.entrySet().iterator() .next(); key = toEvict.getKey(); value = toEvict.getValue(); map.remove(key); size -= Utils.getBitmapBytes(value); evictionCount++; } } }
Request,操作封裝類

public interface Transformation { /** * Transform the source bitmap into a new bitmap. If you create a new bitmap instance, you must * call {@link android.graphics.Bitmap#recycle()} on {@code source}. You may return the original * if no transformation is required. */ Bitmap transform(Bitmap source); /** * Returns a unique key for the transformation, used for caching purposes. If the transformation * has parameters (e.g. size, scale factor, etc) then these should be part of the key. */ String key(); }
當操作封裝好以后,會將Request傳到另一個結構中Action。
Action

@Override public void complete(Bitmap result, Picasso.LoadedFrom from) { if (result == null) { throw new AssertionError(String.format( "Attempted to complete action with no result!\n%s", this)); } ImageView target = this.target.get(); if (target == null) { return; } Context context = picasso.context; boolean debugging = picasso.debugging; PicassoDrawable.setBitmap(target, context, result, from, noFade, debugging); if (callback != null) { callback.onSuccess(); } }
有了加載任務,具體的圖片下載與解析是在哪里呢?這些都是耗時的操作,應該放在異步線程中進行,就是下面的BitmapHunter。
BitmapHunter

@Override public void run() { try { Thread.currentThread() .setName(Utils.THREAD_PREFIX + data.getName()); result = hunt(); if (result == null) { dispatcher.dispatchFailed(this); } else { dispatcher.dispatchComplete(this); } } catch (IOException e) { exception = e; dispatcher.dispatchRetry(this); } catch (Exception e) { exception = e; dispatcher.dispatchFailed(this); } finally { Thread.currentThread().setName(Utils.THREAD_IDLE_NAME); } } abstract Bitmap decode(Request data) throws IOException; Bitmap hunt() throws IOException { Bitmap bitmap; if (!skipMemoryCache) { bitmap = cache.get(key); if (bitmap != null) { stats.dispatchCacheHit(); loadedFrom = MEMORY; return bitmap; } } bitmap = decode(data); if (bitmap != null) { stats.dispatchBitmapDecoded(bitmap); if (data.needsTransformation() || exifRotation != 0) { synchronized (DECODE_LOCK) { if (data.needsMatrixTransform() || exifRotation != 0) { bitmap = transformResult(data, bitmap, exifRotation); } if (data.hasCustomTransformations()) { bitmap = applyCustomTransformations( data.transformations, bitmap); } } stats.dispatchBitmapTransformed(bitmap); } } return bitmap; }
Dispatcher任務調度器

外部調用的是dispatchXXX方法,然后通過handler將請求轉換到對應的performXXX方法。
例如生成Action以后就會調用dispather的dispatchSubmit()來請求執行,
void dispatchSubmit(Action action) { handler.sendMessage(handler.obtainMessage(REQUEST_SUBMIT, action)); }
handler接到消息后轉換到performSubmit方法
void performSubmit(Action action) { BitmapHunter hunter = hunterMap.get(action.getKey()); if (hunter != null) { hunter.attach(action); return; } if (service.isShutdown()) { return; } hunter = forRequest(context, action.getPicasso(), this, cache, stats, action, downloader); hunter.future = service.submit(hunter); hunterMap.put(action.getKey(), hunter); }
public static Picasso with(Context context) { if (singleton == null) { singleton = new Builder(context).build(); } return singleton; } public Picasso build() { Context context = this.context; if (downloader == null) { downloader = Utils.createDefaultDownloader(context); } if (cache == null) { cache = new LruCache(context); } if (service == null) { service = new PicassoExecutorService(); } if (transformer == null) { transformer = RequestTransformer.IDENTITY; } Stats stats = new Stats(cache); Dispatcher dispatcher = new Dispatcher(context, service, HANDLER, downloader, cache, stats); return new Picasso(context, dispatcher, cache, listener, transformer, stats, debugging); }
在Picasso.with()的時候會將執行所需的所有必備元素創建出來,如緩存cache、執行executorService、調度dispatch等,在load()時創建Request,在into()中創建action、bitmapHunter,并最終交給dispatcher執行。
參考:http://blog.csdn.net/xu_fu/article/details/17043231