picasso-強大的Android圖片下載緩存庫
來自: http://www.jcodecraeer.com//a/anzhuokaifa/androidkaifa/2014/0731/1639.html
picasso是Square公司開源的一個Android圖形緩存庫,地址http://square.github.io/picasso/,可以實現圖片下載和緩存功能。僅僅只需要一行代碼就能完全實現圖片的異步加載:
Picasso.with(context).load("http://i.imgur.com/DvpvklR.png").into(imageView); Api看起來非常獨特,是吧。

Picasso不僅實現了圖片異步加載的功能,還解決了android中加載圖片時需要解決的一些常見問題:
1.在adapter中需要取消已經不在視野范圍的ImageView圖片資源的加載,否則會導致圖片錯位,Picasso已經解決了這個問題。
2.使用復雜的圖片壓縮轉換來盡可能的減少內存消耗
3.自帶內存和硬盤二級緩存功能
特性以及示例代碼:
ADAPTER 中的下載:Adapter的重用會被自動檢測到,Picasso會取消上次的加載
@Override public void getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
SquaredImageView view = (SquaredImageView) convertView;
if (view == null) {
view = new SquaredImageView(context);
}
String url = getItem(position);
Picasso.with(context).load(url).into(view);
} 圖片轉換:轉換圖片以適應布局大小并減少內存占用
Picasso.with(context) .load(url) .resize(50, 50) .centerCrop() .into(imageView);
你還可以自定義轉換:
public class CropSquareTransformation implements Transformation {
@Override public Bitmap transform(Bitmap source) {
int size = Math.min(source.getWidth(), source.getHeight());
int x = (source.getWidth() - size) / 2;
int y = (source.getHeight() - size) / 2;
Bitmap result = Bitmap.createBitmap(source, x, y, size, size);
if (result != source) {
source.recycle();
}
return result;
}
@Override public String key() { return "square()"; }
} 將CropSquareTransformation 的對象傳遞給transform 方法即可。
Place holders-空白或者錯誤占位圖片:picasso提供了兩種占位圖片,未加載完成或者加載發生錯誤的時需要一張圖片作為提示。
Picasso.with(context)
.load(url)
.placeholder(R.drawable.user_placeholder)
.error(R.drawable.user_placeholder_error)
.into(imageView); 如果加載發生錯誤會重復三次請求,三次都失敗才會顯示erro Place holder
資源文件的加載:除了加載網絡圖片picasso還支持加載Resources, assets, files, content providers中的資源文件。
Picasso.with(context).load(R.drawable.landing_screen).into(imageView1); Picasso.with(context).load(new File(...)).into(imageView2);
下面是picasso源碼的解析(不看不影響使用)
Cache,緩存類

this.map = new LinkedHashMap<String, Bitmap>(0, 0.75f, true);
private void trimToSize(int maxSize) {
while (true) {
String key;
Bitmap value;
synchronized (this) {
if (size < 0 || (map.isEmpty() && size != 0)) {
throw new IllegalStateException(getClass().getName()
+ ".sizeOf() is reporting inconsistent results!");
}
if (size <= maxSize || map.isEmpty()) {
break;
}
Map.Entry<String, Bitmap> toEvict = map.entrySet().iterator()
.next();
key = toEvict.getKey();
value = toEvict.getValue();
map.remove(key);
size -= Utils.getBitmapBytes(value);
evictionCount++;
}
}
} Request,操作封裝類

public interface Transformation {
/**
* Transform the source bitmap into a new bitmap. If you create a new bitmap instance, you must
* call {@link android.graphics.Bitmap#recycle()} on {@code source}. You may return the original
* if no transformation is required.
*/
Bitmap transform(Bitmap source);
/**
* Returns a unique key for the transformation, used for caching purposes. If the transformation
* has parameters (e.g. size, scale factor, etc) then these should be part of the key.
*/
String key();
} 當操作封裝好以后,會將Request傳到另一個結構中Action。
Action

@Override
public void complete(Bitmap result, Picasso.LoadedFrom from) {
if (result == null) {
throw new AssertionError(String.format(
"Attempted to complete action with no result!\n%s", this));
}
ImageView target = this.target.get();
if (target == null) {
return;
}
Context context = picasso.context;
boolean debugging = picasso.debugging;
PicassoDrawable.setBitmap(target, context, result, from, noFade,
debugging);
if (callback != null) {
callback.onSuccess();
}
} 有了加載任務,具體的圖片下載與解析是在哪里呢?這些都是耗時的操作,應該放在異步線程中進行,就是下面的BitmapHunter。
BitmapHunter

@Override
public void run() {
try {
Thread.currentThread()
.setName(Utils.THREAD_PREFIX + data.getName());
result = hunt();
if (result == null) {
dispatcher.dispatchFailed(this);
} else {
dispatcher.dispatchComplete(this);
}
} catch (IOException e) {
exception = e;
dispatcher.dispatchRetry(this);
} catch (Exception e) {
exception = e;
dispatcher.dispatchFailed(this);
} finally {
Thread.currentThread().setName(Utils.THREAD_IDLE_NAME);
}
}
abstract Bitmap decode(Request data) throws IOException;
Bitmap hunt() throws IOException {
Bitmap bitmap;
if (!skipMemoryCache) {
bitmap = cache.get(key);
if (bitmap != null) {
stats.dispatchCacheHit();
loadedFrom = MEMORY;
return bitmap;
}
}
bitmap = decode(data);
if (bitmap != null) {
stats.dispatchBitmapDecoded(bitmap);
if (data.needsTransformation() || exifRotation != 0) {
synchronized (DECODE_LOCK) {
if (data.needsMatrixTransform() || exifRotation != 0) {
bitmap = transformResult(data, bitmap, exifRotation);
}
if (data.hasCustomTransformations()) {
bitmap = applyCustomTransformations(
data.transformations, bitmap);
}
}
stats.dispatchBitmapTransformed(bitmap);
}
}
return bitmap;
} Dispatcher任務調度器

外部調用的是dispatchXXX方法,然后通過handler將請求轉換到對應的performXXX方法。
例如生成Action以后就會調用dispather的dispatchSubmit()來請求執行,
void dispatchSubmit(Action action) {
handler.sendMessage(handler.obtainMessage(REQUEST_SUBMIT, action));
} handler接到消息后轉換到performSubmit方法
void performSubmit(Action action) {
BitmapHunter hunter = hunterMap.get(action.getKey());
if (hunter != null) {
hunter.attach(action);
return;
}
if (service.isShutdown()) {
return;
}
hunter = forRequest(context, action.getPicasso(), this, cache, stats,
action, downloader);
hunter.future = service.submit(hunter);
hunterMap.put(action.getKey(), hunter);
} public static Picasso with(Context context) {
if (singleton == null) {
singleton = new Builder(context).build();
}
return singleton;
}
public Picasso build() {
Context context = this.context;
if (downloader == null) {
downloader = Utils.createDefaultDownloader(context);
}
if (cache == null) {
cache = new LruCache(context);
}
if (service == null) {
service = new PicassoExecutorService();
}
if (transformer == null) {
transformer = RequestTransformer.IDENTITY;
}
Stats stats = new Stats(cache);
Dispatcher dispatcher = new Dispatcher(context, service, HANDLER,
downloader, cache, stats);
return new Picasso(context, dispatcher, cache, listener,
transformer, stats, debugging);
} 在Picasso.with()的時候會將執行所需的所有必備元素創建出來,如緩存cache、執行executorService、調度dispatch等,在load()時創建Request,在into()中創建action、bitmapHunter,并最終交給dispatcher執行。
參考:http://blog.csdn.net/xu_fu/article/details/17043231