Java 中常用的幾種 DOCX 轉 PDF 方法

damoo 8年前發布 | 24K 次閱讀 Java Java開發

DOCX2PDF

將DOCX文檔轉化為PDF是項目中常見的需求之一，目前主流的方法可以分為兩大類，一類是利用各種Office應用進行轉換，譬如Microsoft Office、WPS以及LiberOffice，另一種是利用各種語言提供的對于Office文檔讀取的接口（譬如Apache POI）然后使用專門的PDFGenerator庫，譬如IText進行PDF構建。總的來說，從樣式上利用Office應用可以保證較好的樣式，不過相對而言效率會比較低。其中Microsoft Office涉及版權，不可輕易使用（筆者所在公司就被抓包了），WPS目前使用比較廣泛，不過存在超鏈接截斷問題，即超過256個字符的超鏈接會被截斷，LiberOffice的樣式排版相對比較隨意。而利用POI接口進行讀取與生成的方式性能較好，適用于對于格式要求不是很高的情況。另外還有一些封裝好的在線工具或者命令行工具，譬如 docx2pdf 與 OfficeToPDF 。

MicroSoft Office

本部分的核心代碼如下，全部代碼參考這里 :

private ActiveXComponent oleComponent = null;
private Dispatch activeDoc = null;
private final static String APP_ID = "Word.Application";
// Constants that map onto Word's WdSaveOptions enumeration and that
// may be passed to the close(int) method
public static final int DO_NOT_SAVE_CHANGES = 0;
public static final int PROMPT_TO_SAVE_CHANGES = -2;
public static final int SAVE_CHANGES = -1;
// These constant values determine whether or not tha application
// instance will be displyed on the users screen or not.
public static final boolean VISIBLE = true;
public static final boolean HIDDEN = false;
/**

Create a new instance of the JacobWordSearch class using the following
parameters.
*
@param visibility A primitive boolean whose value will determine whether
or not the Word application will be visible to the user. Pass true
to display Word, false otherwise.
*/
public OfficeConverter(boolean visibility) {
this.oleComponent = new ActiveXComponent(OfficeConverter.APP_ID);
this.oleComponent.setProperty("Visible", new Variant(visibility));
}

/**

Open ana existing Word document.
*
@param docName An instance of the String class that encapsulates the
path to and name of a valid Word file. Note that there are a few
limitations applying to the format of this String; it must specify
the absolute path to the file and it must not use the single forward
slash to specify the path separator.
*/
public void openDoc(String docName) {
Dispatch disp = null;
Variant var = null;
// First get a Dispatch object referencing the Documents collection - for
// collections, think of ArrayLists of objects.
var = Dispatch.get(this.oleComponent, "Documents");
disp = var.getDispatch();
// Now call the Open method on the Documents collection Dispatch object
// to both open the file and add it to the collection. It would be possible
// to open a series of files and access each from the Documents collection
// but for this example, it is simpler to store a reference to the
// active document in a private instance variable.
var = Dispatch.call(disp, "Open", docName);
this.activeDoc = var.getDispatch();
}

/**

There is more than one way to convert the document into PDF format, you
can either explicitly use a FileConvertor object or call the
ExportAsFixedFormat method on the active document. This method opts for
the latter and calls the ExportAsFixedFormat method passing the name
of the file along with the integer value of 17. This value maps onto one
of Word's constants called wdExportFormatPDF and causes the application
to convert the file into PDF format. If you wanted to do so, for testing
purposes, you could add another value to the args array, a Boolean value
of true. This would open the newly converted document automatically.
*
@param filename
*/
public void publishAsPDF(String filename) {
 // The code to expoort as a PDF is 17
 //Object args = new Object{filename, new Integer(17), new Boolean(true)};
 Object args = new Object {
 filename, new Integer(17)

 } ;
 Dispatch.call(this.activeDoc, "ExportAsFixedFormat", args);
}

/**

Called to close the active document. Note that this method simply
calls the overloaded closeDoc(int) method passing the value 0 which
instructs Word to close the document and discard any changes that may
have been made since the document was opened or edited.
*/
public void closeDoc() {
 this.closeDoc(JacobWordSearch.DO_NOT_SAVE_CHANGES);
}

/**

Called to close the active document. It is possible with this overloaded
version of the close() method to specify what should happen if the user
has made changes to the document that have not been saved. There are three
possible value defined by the following manifest constants;
DO_NOT_SAVE_CHANGES - Close the document and discard any changes
the user may have made.
PROMPT_TO_SAVE_CHANGES - Display a prompt to the user asking them
how to proceed.
SAVE_CHANGES - Save the changes the user has made to the document.
*
@param saveOption A primitive integer whose value indicates how the close
operation should proceed if the user has made changes to the active
document. Note that no checks are made on the value passed to
this argument.
*/
public void closeDoc(int saveOption) {
Object args = {new Integer(saveOption)};
Dispatch.call(this.activeDoc, "Close", args);
}

/**

Called once processing has completed in order to close down the instance
of Word.
*/
public void quit() {
 Dispatch.call(this.oleComponent, "Quit");
}</code></pre> 
WPS 
 
 Java調用WPS或pdfcreator的com接口實現doc轉pdf
  
 
本文的核心代碼如下，完整代碼查看 這里 : 
@Override

 public boolean convert(String word, String pdf) {
     File pdfFile = new File(pdf);
     File wordFile = new File(word);
     boolean convertSuccessfully = false;

     ActiveXComponent wps = null;
     ActiveXComponent doc = null;



        try {
            wps = new ActiveXComponent("KWPS.Application");


//                Dispatch docs = wps.getProperty("Documents").toDispatch();
//                Dispatch d = Dispatch.call(docs, "Open", wordFile.getAbsolutePath(), false, true).toDispatch();
//                Dispatch.call(d, "SaveAs", pdfFile.getAbsolutePath(), 17);
//                Dispatch.call(d, "Close", false);

            doc = wps.invokeGetComponent("Documents")
                    .invokeGetComponent("Open", new Variant(wordFile.getAbsolutePath()));

            try {
                doc.invoke("SaveAs",
                        new Variant(new File("C:\\Users\\lotuc\\Documents\\mmm.pdf").getAbsolutePath()),
                        new Variant(17));
                convertSuccessfully = true;
            } catch (Exception e) {
                logger.warning("生成PDF失敗");
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

            File saveAsFile = new File("C:\\Users\\lotuc\\Documents\\saveasfile.doc");
            try {
                doc.invoke("SaveAs", saveAsFile.getAbsolutePath());
                logger.info("成功另存為" + saveAsFile.getAbsolutePath());
            } catch (Exception e) {
                logger.info("另存為" + saveAsFile.getAbsolutePath() + "失敗");
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        } finally {
            if (doc == null) {
                logger.info("打開文件 " + wordFile.getAbsolutePath() + " 失敗");
            } else {
                try {
                    logger.info("釋放文件 " + wordFile.getAbsolutePath());
                    doc.invoke("Close");
                    doc.safeRelease();
                } catch (Exception e1) {
                    logger.info("釋放文件 " + wordFile.getAbsolutePath() + " 失敗");
                }
            }

            if (wps == null) {
                logger.info("加載 WPS 控件失敗");
            } else {
                try {
                    logger.info("釋放 WPS 控件");
                    wps.invoke("Quit");
                    wps.safeRelease();
                } catch (Exception e1) {
                    logger.info("釋放 WPS 控件失敗");
                }
            }
        }

        return convertSuccessfully;
    }</code></pre> 

LiberOffice 
   
    Convert Microsoft Word to PDF - using Java and LibreOffice (UNO API)
  
   
  LiberOffice本身提供了一個命令行工具進行轉換，在你安裝好了LiberOffice之后 
  /usr/local/bin/soffice --convert-to pdf:writer_pdf_Export /Users/lotuc/Downloads/test.doc 
  如果有打開的libreoffice實例, 要穿入env選項指定一個工作目錄 
  /usr/local/bin/soffice "-env:UserInstallation=file:///tmp/LibreOffice_Conversion_abc" --convert-to pdf:writer_pdf_Export /Users/lotuc/Downloads/test.doc 
  首先我們需要安裝好LiberOffice，然后將依賴的Jar包添加到classpath中: 
  Install Libre Office
Create a Java project in your favorite editor and add these to your class path:
  [Libre Office Dir]/URE/java/juh.jar
  [Libre Office Dir]/URE/java/jurt.jar
  [Libre Office Dir]/URE/java/ridl.jar
  [Libre Office Dir]/program/classes/unoil.jar</code></pre> 
  
然后我們需要啟動一個LiberOffice進程: 
  import java.util.Date;
import java.io.File;
import com.sun.star.beans.PropertyValue;
import com.sun.star.comp.helper.Bootstrap;
import com.sun.star.frame.XComponentLoader;
import com.sun.star.frame.XDesktop;
import com.sun.star.frame.XStorable;
import com.sun.star.lang.XComponent;
import com.sun.star.lang.XMultiComponentFactory;
import com.sun.star.text.XTextDocument;
import com.sun.star.uno.UnoRuntime;
import com.sun.star.uno.XComponentContext;
import com.sun.star.util.XReplaceDescriptor;
import com.sun.star.util.XReplaceable;
public class MailMergeExample {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
// Initialise
 XComponentContext xContext = Bootstrap.bootstrap();
XMultiComponentFactory xMCF = xContext.getServiceManager();
Object oDesktop = xMCF.createInstanceWithContext(
      "com.sun.star.frame.Desktop", xContext);
XDesktop xDesktop = (XDesktop) UnoRuntime.queryInterface(
      XDesktop.class, oDesktop);</code></pre> 
  
接下來我們需要加載目標Doc文檔: 
  // Load the Document
String workingDir = "C:/projects/";
String myTemplate = "letterTemplate.doc";
if (!new File(workingDir + myTemplate).canRead()) {
 throw new RuntimeException("Cannot load template:" + new File(workingDir + myTemplate));
}
XComponentLoader xCompLoader = (XComponentLoader) UnoRuntime
 .queryInterface(com.sun.star.frame.XComponentLoader.class, xDesktop);
String sUrl = "file:///" + workingDir + myTemplate;
PropertyValue[] propertyValues = new PropertyValue[0];
propertyValues = new PropertyValue[1];
propertyValues[0] = new PropertyValue();
propertyValues[0].Name = "Hidden";
propertyValues[0].Value = new Boolean(true);
XComponent xComp = xCompLoader.loadComponentFromURL(
 sUrl, "_blank", 0, propertyValues);</code></pre> 
  
 然后我們可以使用如下方式對內容進行替換: 
  // Search and replace
XReplaceDescriptor xReplaceDescr = null;
XReplaceable xReplaceable = null;
XTextDocument xTextDocument = (XTextDocument) UnoRuntime
  .queryInterface(XTextDocument.class, xComp);
xReplaceable = (XReplaceable) UnoRuntime
  .queryInterface(XReplaceable.class, xTextDocument);
xReplaceDescr = (XReplaceDescriptor) xReplaceable
  .createReplaceDescriptor();
// mail merge the date
xReplaceDescr.setSearchString("<date>");
xReplaceDescr.setReplaceString(new Date().toString());
xReplaceable.replaceAll(xReplaceDescr);
// mail merge the addressee
xReplaceDescr.setSearchString("<addressee>");
xReplaceDescr.setReplaceString("Best Friend");
xReplaceable.replaceAll(xReplaceDescr);
// mail merge the signatory
xReplaceDescr.setSearchString("<signatory>");
xReplaceDescr.setReplaceString("Your New Boss");
xReplaceable.replaceAll(xReplaceDescr);</code></pre> 
  
然后可以輸出到PDF中: 
  // save as a PDF
XStorable xStorable = (XStorable) UnoRuntime
  .queryInterface(XStorable.class, xComp);
propertyValues = new PropertyValue[2];
propertyValues[0] = new PropertyValue();
propertyValues[0].Name = "Overwrite";
propertyValues[0].Value = new Boolean(true);
propertyValues[1] = new PropertyValue();
propertyValues[1].Name = "FilterName";
propertyValues[1].Value = "writer_pdf_Export";
// Appending the favoured extension to the origin document name
String myResult = workingDir + "letterOutput.pdf";
xStorable.storeToURL("file:///" + myResult, propertyValues);
System.out.println("Saved " + myResult);</code></pre> 
  
 
  xdocreport 
  本文的核心代碼如下，完整代碼查看 這里 : 
  /**

@param inpuFile 輸入的文件流
@param outFile  輸出的文件對象
@return
@function 利用Apache POI從輸入的文件中生成PDF文件
*/
@SneakyThrows
public static void convertWithPOI(InputStream inpuFile, File outFile) {
//從輸入的文件流創建對象
 XWPFDocument document = new XWPFDocument(inpuFile);
//創建PDF選項
 PdfOptions pdfOptions = PdfOptions.create();//.fontEncoding("windows-1250")
//為輸出文件創建目錄
 outFile.getParentFile().mkdirs();
//執行PDF轉化
 PdfConverter.getInstance().convert(document, new FileOutputStream(outFile), pdfOptions);


}
/**

@param inpuFile
@param outFile
@param renderParams
@function 先將渲染參數填入模板DOCX文件然后生成PDF
*/
@SneakyThrows
public static void convertFromTemplateWithFreemarker(InputStream inpuFile, File outFile, Map<String, Object> renderParams) {
//創建Report實例
 IXDocReport report = XDocReportRegistry.getRegistry().loadReport(

     inpuFile, TemplateEngineKind.Freemarker);


//創建上下文
 IContext context = report.createContext();
//填入渲染參數
 renderParams.forEach((s, o) -> {

 context.put(s, o);

});
//創建輸出流
 outFile.getParentFile().mkdirs();
//創建轉化參數
 Options options = Options.getTo(ConverterTypeTo.PDF).via(

     ConverterTypeVia.XWPF);


//執行轉化過程
 report.convert(context, options, new FileOutputStream(outFile));
}</code></pre>
  
來自：https://segmentfault.com/a/1190000006789644


                    
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                         Java Java開發

Java 中常用的幾種 DOCX 轉 PDF 方法

DOCX2PDF

MicroSoft Office

WPS

LiberOffice

xdocreport

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