Kaptcha 和 JCaptcha 使用介紹和實例

Kaptcha 是一個非常實用的驗證碼生成工具，它是基于SimpleCaptcha的開源項目。通過調整Kaptcha配置可以生成各種樣式的驗證碼。

使用Kaptcha可以方便的配置以下細節：

• 驗證碼的字體
• 驗證碼字體的大小
• 驗證碼字體的字體顏色
• 驗證碼內容的范圍
• 驗證碼圖片的大小，邊框，邊框粗細，邊框顏色
• 驗證碼的干擾線
• 驗證碼的樣式

JCaptcha簡介

JCapthca是一個開源的用來生成圖形驗證碼的Java開源組件，它非常強大，不光是可以生成圖片式的驗證碼，還可以生成聲音式的。

JCaptcha是CAPTCHA里面的一個比較著名的項目。

Kaptcha測試實例

添加依賴包

在pom.xml文件中新增dependency

<dependency>
<groupId>com.google.code.kaptcha</groupId>
<artifactId>kaptcha</artifactId>
<version>2.3</version>
</dependency>

配置applicationContext.xml

<beanid="captchaProducer"class="com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.DefaultKaptcha">
<propertyname="config">
<beanclass="com.google.code.kaptcha.util.Config">
<constructor-arg>
<props>
<propkey="kaptcha.border">yes</prop>
<propkey="kaptcha.border.color">105,179,90</prop>
<propkey="kaptcha.textproducer.font.color">blue</prop>
<propkey="kaptcha.image.width">80</prop>
<propkey="kaptcha.image.height">30</prop>
<propkey="kaptcha.textproducer.font.size">27</prop>
<propkey="kaptcha.session.key">code</prop>
<propkey="kaptcha.textproducer.char.length">4</prop>
<propkey="kaptcha.textproducer.font.names">宋體,楷體,微軟雅黑</prop>
<propkey="kaptcha.textproducer.char.string">123456789ABCE</prop>
<propkey="kaptcha.obscurificator.impl">com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.WaterRipple</prop>
<propkey="kaptcha.noise.color">white</prop>
<propkey="kaptcha.noise.impl">com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.NoNoise</prop>
<propkey="kaptcha.background.clear.from">white</prop>
<propkey="kaptcha.background.clear.to">white</prop>
</props>
</constructor-arg>
</bean>
</property>
</bean>

Controller實現

importcom.google.code.kaptcha.Constants;
importcom.google.code.kaptcha.Producer;
importorg.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
importorg.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
importorg.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

importjavax.annotation.Resource;
importjavax.imageio.ImageIO;
importjavax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
importjavax.servlet.http.Cookie;
importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
importjava.awt.image.BufferedImage;
importjava.util.Random;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/code")
publicclassCaptchaController{

@Resource
privateProducer captchaProducer;

@ResponseBody
@RequestMapping(value ="/captchaImage")
publicvoidgetKaptchaImage(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response)throwsException{
 response.setDateHeader("Expires",0);
 response.setHeader("Cache-Control","no-cache, must-revalidate");
 response.addHeader("Cache-Control","post-check=0, pre-check=0");
 response.setHeader("Pragma","no-cache");
 response.setContentType("image/jpeg");

 String capText = captchaProducer.createText();// 生成驗證碼字符串

 Cookie cookie = newCookie(Constants.KAPTCHA_SESSION_KEY, capText);// 生成cookie
 cookie.setMaxAge(300);// 300秒生存期

 response.addCookie(cookie); // 將cookie加入response

 BufferedImage bi = captchaProducer.createImage(capText);// 生成驗證碼圖片
 ServletOutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();
 ImageIO.write(bi, "jpg", out);
try{
 out.flush();
 } finally{
 out.close();
 }

return;
 }

privateStringgetRandomString(intlength){
 String base = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789";
 Random random = newRandom();
 StringBuilder sb = newStringBuilder(length +1);
for(inti =0; i < length; ++i) {
intnumber = random.nextInt(base.length());
 sb.append(base.charAt(number));
 }
returnsb.toString();
 }
}

前端代碼

<imgid="verify"width="80"height="30"src="/code/captchaImage"/>

測試結果

Kaptcha可配置項

配置項	描述	默認值	可選值
kaptcha.border	是否有邊框	默認為yes	yes,no
kaptcha.border.color	邊框顏色	默認為Color.BLACK
kaptcha.border.thickness	邊框粗細度	默認為1
kaptcha.producer.impl	驗證碼生成器	默認為DefaultKaptcha
kaptcha.textproducer.impl	驗證碼文本生成器	默認為DefaultTextCreator
kaptcha.textproducer.char.string	驗證碼文本字符內容范圍
kaptcha.textproducer.char.length	驗證碼文本字符長度	默認為5
kaptcha.textproducer.font.names	驗證碼文本字體樣式
kaptcha.textproducer.font.size	驗證碼文本字符大小	默認為40
kaptcha.textproducer.font.color	驗證碼文本字符顏色	默認為Color.BLACK
kaptcha.textproducer.char.space	驗證碼文本字符間距	默認為2
kaptcha.noise.impl	驗證碼噪點生成對象	默認為DefaultNoise
kaptcha.noise.color	驗證碼噪點顏色	默認為Color.BLACK
kaptcha.obscurificator.impl	驗證碼樣式引擎	默認為WaterRipple
kaptcha.word.impl	驗證碼文本字符渲染	默認為DefaultWordRenderer
kaptcha.background.impl	驗證碼背景生成器	默認為DefaultBackground
kaptcha.background.clear.from	驗證碼背景顏色漸進	默認為Color.LIGHT_GRAY
kaptcha.background.clear.to	驗證碼背景顏色漸進	默認為Color.WHITE
kaptcha.image.width	驗證碼圖片寬度	默認為200
kaptcha.image.height	驗證碼圖片高度	默認為50

圖片樣式：

水紋 com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.WaterRipple

魚眼 com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.FishEyeGimpy

陰影 com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.ShadowGimpy

JCaptcha測試實例

添加依賴包

<dependency>
<groupId>com.octo.captcha</groupId>
<artifactId>jcaptcha-all</artifactId>
<version>1.0-RC6</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-collections</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-collections</artifactId>
<version>3.2.2</version>
</dependency>

注意：如果是Spring項目，必須加上exclusion，不然會提示BeanDefinitionParsingException錯誤。

org.springframework.beans.factory.parsing.BeanDefinitionParsingException: Configuration problem: Unable to locate NamespaceHandler for namespace 

Service實現

JCaptcha建議使用單例提供服務。

importcom.octo.captcha.component.image.backgroundgenerator.GradientBackgroundGenerator;
importcom.octo.captcha.component.image.color.SingleColorGenerator;
importcom.octo.captcha.component.image.fontgenerator.RandomFontGenerator;
importcom.octo.captcha.component.image.textpaster.NonLinearTextPaster;
importcom.octo.captcha.component.image.wordtoimage.ComposedWordToImage;
importcom.octo.captcha.component.word.wordgenerator.RandomWordGenerator;
importcom.octo.captcha.engine.GenericCaptchaEngine;
importcom.octo.captcha.image.gimpy.GimpyFactory;
importcom.octo.captcha.service.captchastore.FastHashMapCaptchaStore;
importcom.octo.captcha.service.image.DefaultManageableImageCaptchaService;
importcom.octo.captcha.service.image.ImageCaptchaService;

importjava.awt.*;

publicclassCaptchaService{
privatestaticclassSingletonHolder{
privatestaticImageCaptchaService imageCaptchaService =newDefaultManageableImageCaptchaService(
newFastHashMapCaptchaStore(),
newGenericCaptchaEngine(
newGimpyFactory[]{newGimpyFactory(
newRandomWordGenerator("123456789ABCE"),
newComposedWordToImage(
newRandomFontGenerator(20,20,newFont[]{newFont("Arial",20,20)}),
newGradientBackgroundGenerator(90,30,newSingleColorGenerator(newColor(235,255,255)),newSingleColorGenerator(newColor(255,195,230))),
newNonLinearTextPaster(4,4,newColor(11,11,11))
 )
 )}
 ),
180,
180000,
20000
 );
 }
privateCaptchaService(){}
publicstaticImageCaptchaServicegetInstance(){
returnSingletonHolder.imageCaptchaService;
 }
}

Controller實現

importorg.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
importorg.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
importorg.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

importjavax.imageio.ImageIO;
importjavax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
importjava.awt.image.BufferedImage;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/code")
publicclassCaptchaController{

@ResponseBody
@RequestMapping(value ="/captchaImage")
publicvoidgetJCaptchaImage(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response)throwsException{
 response.setDateHeader("Expires",0);
 response.setHeader("Cache-Control","no-cache, must-revalidate");
 response.addHeader("Cache-Control","post-check=0, pre-check=0");
 response.setHeader("Pragma","no-cache");
 response.setContentType("image/jpeg");
 BufferedImage bi = CaptchaService.getInstance().getImageChallengeForID(request.getSession(true)
 .getId());
 ServletOutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();
 ImageIO.write(bi, "jpg", out);
try{
 out.flush();
 } finally{
 out.close();
 }
return;
 }

@ResponseBody
@RequestMapping(value ="/validate")
publicBooleanlogin(String username, String password, String captcha, HttpServletRequest request){
 Boolean result = false;
 Boolean isCaptchaCorrect = CaptchaService.getInstance().validateResponseForID(request.getSession().getId(), captcha);
if(isCaptchaCorrect) {

 }
returnresult;
 }
}

前端代碼

<img id="verify" width="80" height="30" src="/code/captchaImage" />

測試結果

來自：http://tedhacker.top/2016/11/14/Kaptcha和JCaptcha使用介紹/