分布式版本控制工具，git 1.7.9正式版發布

Git是一個開源的分布式版本控制系統，用以有效、高速的處理從很小到非常大的項目版本管理。

Git 是 Linux Torvalds 為了幫助管理 Linux 內核開發而開發的一個開放源碼的版本控制軟件。

Torvalds 開始著手開發 Git 是為了作為一種過渡方案來替代 BitKeeper，后者之前一直是 Linux 內核開發人員在全球使用的主要源代碼工具。開放源碼社區中的有些人覺得 BitKeeper 的許可證并不適合開放源碼社區的工作，因此 Torvalds 決定著手研究許可證更為靈活的版本控制系統。盡管最初 Git 的開發是為了輔助 Linux 內核開發的過程，但是我們已經發現在很多其他自由軟件項目中也使用了 Git。例如，X.org 最近就遷移到 Git 上來了，很多 Freedesktop.org 的項目也遷移到了 Git 上。

Git與CVS的區別

• 分支更快、更容易。
• 支持離線工作；本地提交可以稍后提交到服務器上。
• Git 提交都是原子的，且是整個項目范圍的，而不像 CVS 中一樣是對每個文件的。
• Git 中的每個工作樹都包含一個具有完整項目歷史的倉庫。
• 沒有哪一個 Git 倉庫會天生比其他倉庫更重要。

git 1.7.9正式版放出。2012-01-29.

完全改進

Git v1.7.9 Release Notes

========================

Updates since v1.7.8
--------------------

 * gitk updates accumulated since early 2011.

 * git-gui updated to 0.16.0.

 * git-p4 (in contrib/) updates.

 * Git uses gettext to translate its most common interface messages
   into the user's language if translations are available and the
   locale is appropriately set. Distributors can drop new PO files
   in po/ to add new translations.

 * The code to handle username/password for HTTP transactions used in
   "git push" & "git fetch" learned to talk "credential API" to
   external programs to cache or store them, to allow integration with
   platform native keychain mechanisms.

 * The input prompts in the terminal use our own getpass() replacement
   when possible. HTTP transactions used to ask for the username without
   echoing back what was typed, but with this change you will see it as
   you type.

 * The internals of "revert/cherry-pick" have been tweaked to prepare
   building more generic "sequencer" on top of the implementation that
   drives them.

 * "git rev-parse FETCH_HEAD" after "git fetch" without specifying
   what to fetch from the command line will now show the commit that
   would be merged if the command were "git pull".

 * "git add" learned to stream large files directly into a packfile
   instead of writing them into individual loose object files.

 * "git checkout -B " is a more intuitive
   way to spell "git reset --keep ".

 * "git checkout" and "git merge" learned "--no-overwrite-ignore" option
   to tell Git that untracked and ignored files are not expendable.

 * "git commit --amend" learned "--no-edit" option to say that the
   user is amending the tree being recorded, without updating the
   commit log message.

 * "git commit" and "git reset" re-learned the optimization to prime
   the cache-tree information in the index, which makes it faster to
   write a tree object out after the index entries are updated.

 * "git commit" detects and rejects an attempt to stuff NUL byte in
   the commit log message.

 * "git commit" learned "-S" to GPG-sign the commit; this can be shown
   with the "--show-signature" option to "git log".

 * fsck and prune are relatively lengthy operations that still go
   silent while making the end-user wait. They learned to give progress
   output like other slow operations.

 * The set of built-in function-header patterns for various languages
   knows MATLAB.

 * "git log --format=' '" learned new %g[nNeE] specifiers to
   show information from the reflog entries when walking the reflog
   (i.e. with "-g").

 * "git pull" can be used to fetch and merge an annotated/signed tag,
   instead of the tip of a topic branch. The GPG signature from the
   signed tag is recorded in the resulting merge commit for later
   auditing.

 * "git log" learned "--show-signature" option to show the signed tag
   that was merged that is embedded in the merge commit. It also can
   show the signature made on the commit with "git commit -S".

 * "git branch --edit-description" can be used to add descriptive text
   to explain what a topic branch is about.

 * "git fmt-merge-msg" learned to take the branch description into
   account when preparing a merge summary that "git merge" records
   when merging a local branch.

 * "git request-pull" has been updated to convey more information
   useful for integrators to decide if a topic is worth merging and
   what is pulled is indeed what the requestor asked to pull,
   including:

   - the tip of the branch being requested to be merged;
   - the branch description describing what the topic is about;
   - the contents of the annotated tag, when requesting to pull a tag.

 * "git pull" learned to notice 'pull.rebase' configuration variable,
   which serves as a global fallback for setting 'branch. .rebase'
   configuration variable per branch.

 * "git tag" learned "--cleanup" option to control how the whitespaces
   and empty lines in tag message are cleaned up.

 * "gitweb" learned to show side-by-side diff.

Also contains minor documentation updates and code clean-ups.
下載：http://git-core.googlecode.com/files/git-1.7.9.tar.gz