使用在線工具jsonschema2pojo根據json生成java對象
如果你還在自己手動寫model對象,那你就out了。
場景:使用retrofit請求github的api,要使返回的數據自動解析到java對象中你必須準備好一個和json完全對應的java對象。而github的一個Repository有很多字段,如這個請求:
https://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World
你可以直接打開這個鏈接查看返回的json數據。可以看到里面有很多數據項,如果我們手動寫這個java對象將非常耗費時間。
所幸現在有了轉換的工具。
jsonschema2pojo
jsonschema2pojo 是一個根據json轉換成java對象的開源項目,只要把你的json字符串復制到相應的輸入框中就能自動將其轉換成java對象。它的強大之處在于,能解析列表式的json數據,把嵌套在內層的對象也解析出來。
先以上面的api請求為例,得到的json如下,這是一個單一的Repository數據:
{ "id": 1296269, "name": "Hello-World", "full_name": "octocat/Hello-World", "owner": { "login": "octocat", "id": 583231, "avatar_url": "https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/583231?v=3", "gravatar_id": "", "url": "https://api.github.com/users/octocat", "html_url": "https://github.com/octocat", "followers_url": "https://api.github.com/users/octocat/followers", "following_url": "https://api.github.com/users/octocat/following{/other_user}", "gists_url": "https://api.github.com/users/octocat/gists{/gist_id}", "starred_url": "https://api.github.com/users/octocat/starred{/owner}{/repo}", "subscriptions_url": "https://api.github.com/users/octocat/subscriptions", "organizations_url": "https://api.github.com/users/octocat/orgs", "repos_url": "https://api.github.com/users/octocat/repos", "events_url": "https://api.github.com/users/octocat/events{/privacy}", "received_events_url": "https://api.github.com/users/octocat/received_events", "type": "User", "site_admin": false }, "private": false, "html_url": "https://github.com/octocat/Hello-World", "description": "This your first repo!", "fork": false, "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World", "forks_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/forks", "keys_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/keys{/key_id}", "collaborators_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/collaborators{/collaborator}", "teams_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/teams", "hooks_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/hooks", "issue_events_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/issues/events{/number}", "events_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/events", "assignees_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/assignees{/user}", "branches_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/branches{/branch}", "tags_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/tags", "blobs_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/git/blobs{/sha}", "git_tags_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/git/tags{/sha}", "git_refs_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/git/refs{/sha}", "trees_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/git/trees{/sha}", "statuses_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/statuses/{sha}", "languages_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/languages", "stargazers_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/stargazers", "contributors_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/contributors", "subscribers_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/subscribers", "subscription_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/subscription", "commits_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/commits{/sha}", "git_commits_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/git/commits{/sha}", "comments_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/comments{/number}", "issue_comment_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/issues/comments{/number}", "contents_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/contents/{+path}", "compare_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/compare/{base}...{head}", "merges_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/merges", "archive_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/{archive_format}{/ref}", "downloads_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/downloads", "issues_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/issues{/number}", "pulls_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/pulls{/number}", "milestones_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/milestones{/number}", "notifications_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/notifications{?since,all,participating}", "labels_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/labels{/name}", "releases_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/releases{/id}", "created_at": "2011-01-26T19:01:12Z", "updated_at": "2015-10-08T07:23:02Z", "pushed_at": "2015-10-02T01:04:21Z", "git_url": "git://github.com/octocat/Hello-World.git", "ssh_url": "git@github.com:octocat/Hello-World.git", "clone_url": "https://github.com/octocat/Hello-World.git", "svn_url": "https://github.com/octocat/Hello-World", "homepage": "", "size": 566, "stargazers_count": 1402, "watchers_count": 1402, "language": null, "has_issues": true, "has_downloads": true, "has_wiki": true, "has_pages": false, "forks_count": 1110, "mirror_url": null, "open_issues_count": 139, "forks": 1110, "open_issues": 139, "watchers": 1402, "default_branch": "master", "network_count": 1110, "subscribers_count": 1747 }
其中有一個數據項比較特殊,那就是owner(在第5行),它的值也是一個對象。我們把這個json放在 http://www.jsonschema2pojo.org/ 網站左邊的輸入框中,右邊的設置請按照圖里的來。
其中右邊設置的Class name一項默認是Example,表示生成的對象名(最外層)就是Example,因為它無法從json中得知這到底是什么對象。我們這里期望得到的對 象名是Repository,可以改成Repository就可以了,或者這里不改,在生成之后的java對象里改。
注意里面還有個owner,它本身也是對象,jsonschema2pojo能把這個對象也解析出來,而這個對象的類名耶就是 Owner 。
我們點擊Preview按鈕,在彈出的對話框中生成了兩個類:
第一個就是Owner,第二個截圖沒有顯示出來,是Repository類(我把Class name改成了Repository)。
而這里的 @Generated ( "org.jsonschema2pojo" )可以直接刪掉。
可以想象如此之多的變量如果自己寫要花費多長時間。
不過需要注意的是jsonschema2pojo對json字符串的總長度有要求。這樣如果你像比如github請求的是一個列表數據比如,那么你得到的json很可能超過長度限制。
比如我們使用github的搜索api發出一個這樣的請求:
https://api.github.com/search/repositories?q=tetris+language:assembly&sort=stars?=desc
返回的json數據首先打印的是列表長度total_count,這里是297。這是搜索結果的總長度,但是其實這次請求返回的只有30 條,因為這是第一頁的數據。但是30條已經很長了,超過了長度限制。
要把這樣的json轉換成對象必須得找個搜索結果比較短的,我們換成
https://api.github.com/search/repositories?q=codebox+language:java&sort=stars?=desc
這個返回的結果只有9項,雖然也很長但是還是沒有超過限制。
直接把生成的結果復制到jsonschema2pojo的左側輸入框,把類名改成Repositories,表示這是一個數據集合。
生成的類結構從前面部分就能看出來了,分別是Repositories,items以及Owner,其中items對應的就是剛剛我們的Repository類,這里它只能根據json猜測這個類名是items。然而Class name設置的只是最外層的類名。
我們可以生成之后把items改成Repository就行了。或者有個技巧,把json的items直接改成Repository。
我之所以再舉一個搜索結果為列表的例子是為了驗證一個列表式的json是否可以直接轉換成java類。
總結
可以看到jsonschema2pojo的實用性非常高。