iOS獲取通訊錄聯系人信息
IOS關于通訊錄的開發有兩種,一種是直接調用系統的通訊錄界面,根據回調信息處理數據,另一種是直接獲取系統的通訊錄,完全自定義UI,并且可以通過官方給我們提供的接口進行讀寫。這篇博客主要討論第二種方式。
IOS獲取系統通訊錄聯系人信息
一、權限注冊
隨著apple對用戶隱私的越來越重視,IOS系統的權限設置也更加嚴格,在獲取系統通訊錄之前,我們必須獲得用戶的授權。權限申請代碼示例如下:
//這個變量用于記錄授權是否成功,即用戶是否允許我們訪問通訊錄 int __block tip=0; //聲明一個通訊簿的引用 ABAddressBookRef addBook =nil; //因為在IOS6.0之后和之前的權限申請方式有所差別,這里做個判斷 if ([[UIDevice currentDevice].systemVersion floatValue]>=6.0) { //創建通訊簿的引用 addBook=ABAddressBookCreateWithOptions(NULL, NULL); //創建一個出事信號量為0的信號 dispatch_semaphore_t sema=dispatch_semaphore_create(0); //申請訪問權限 ABAddressBookRequestAccessWithCompletion(addBook, ^(bool greanted, CFErrorRef error) { //greanted為YES是表示用戶允許,否則為不允許 if (!greanted) { tip=1; } //發送一次信號 dispatch_semaphore_signal(sema); }); //等待信號觸發 dispatch_semaphore_wait(sema, DISPATCH_TIME_FOREVER); }else{ //IOS6之前 addBook =ABAddressBookCreate(); } if (tip) { //做一個友好的提示 UIAlertView * alart = [[UIAlertView alloc]initWithTitle:@"溫馨提示" message:@"請您設置允許APP訪問您的通訊錄\nSettings>General>Privacy" delegate:self cancelButtonTitle:@"確定" otherButtonTitles:nil, nil]; [alart show]; return; }
幾點注意:1、dispatch_semaphore_t三個相關的操作為
dispatch_semaphore_create 創建一個信號
dispatch_semaphore_signal 發送一個信號
dispatch_semaphore_wait 等待信號觸發
dispatch_semaphore_create()創建一個信號,后面可以跟一個參數,表示信號量,當信號量正值時,dispatch_semaphore_wait后面的代碼會被執行,否則程序將會一直等待在dispatch_semaphore_wait。 dispatch_semaphore_signal的作用是發送一個信號,會使信號量加1,相對的,dispatch_semaphore_wait執行后會使信號量減1.
2、因為是否被授權是在ABAddressBookRequestAccessWithCompletion的block回調中獲取的,所以我們需要在外面做一個線程等待。
二、獲取通訊錄聯系人詳細信息
//獲取所有聯系人的數組 CFArrayRef allLinkPeople = ABAddressBookCopyArrayOfAllPeople(addBook); //獲取聯系人總數 CFIndex number = ABAddressBookGetPersonCount(addBook); //進行遍歷 for (NSInteger i=0; i<number; i++) { //獲取聯系人對象的引用 ABRecordRef people = CFArrayGetValueAtIndex(allLinkPeople, i); //獲取當前聯系人名字 NSString*firstName=(__bridge NSString *)(ABRecordCopyValue(people, kABPersonFirstNameProperty)); //獲取當前聯系人姓氏 NSString*lastName=(__bridge NSString *)(ABRecordCopyValue(people, kABPersonLastNameProperty)); //獲取當前聯系人中間名 NSString*middleName=(__bridge NSString*)(ABRecordCopyValue(people, kABPersonMiddleNameProperty)); //獲取當前聯系人的名字前綴 NSString*prefix=(__bridge NSString*)(ABRecordCopyValue(people, kABPersonPrefixProperty)); //獲取當前聯系人的名字后綴 NSString*suffix=(__bridge NSString*)(ABRecordCopyValue(people, kABPersonSuffixProperty)); //獲取當前聯系人的昵稱 NSString*nickName=(__bridge NSString*)(ABRecordCopyValue(people, kABPersonNicknameProperty)); //獲取當前聯系人的名字拼音 NSString*firstNamePhoneic=(__bridge NSString*)(ABRecordCopyValue(people, kABPersonFirstNamePhoneticProperty)); //獲取當前聯系人的姓氏拼音 NSString*lastNamePhoneic=(__bridge NSString*)(ABRecordCopyValue(people, kABPersonLastNamePhoneticProperty)); //獲取當前聯系人的中間名拼音 NSString*middleNamePhoneic=(__bridge NSString*)(ABRecordCopyValue(people, kABPersonMiddleNamePhoneticProperty)); //獲取當前聯系人的公司 NSString*organization=(__bridge NSString*)(ABRecordCopyValue(people, kABPersonOrganizationProperty)); //獲取當前聯系人的職位 NSString*job=(__bridge NSString*)(ABRecordCopyValue(people, kABPersonJobTitleProperty)); //獲取當前聯系人的部門 NSString*department=(__bridge NSString*)(ABRecordCopyValue(people, kABPersonDepartmentProperty)); //獲取當前聯系人的生日 NSString*birthday=(__bridge NSDate*)(ABRecordCopyValue(people, kABPersonBirthdayProperty)); NSMutableArray * emailArr = [[NSMutableArray alloc]init]; //獲取當前聯系人的郵箱 注意是數組 ABMultiValueRef emails= ABRecordCopyValue(people, kABPersonEmailProperty); for (NSInteger j=0; j<ABMultiValueGetCount(emails); j++) { [emailArr addObject:(__bridge NSString *)(ABMultiValueCopyValueAtIndex(emails, j))]; } //獲取當前聯系人的備注 NSString*notes=(__bridge NSString*)(ABRecordCopyValue(people, kABPersonNoteProperty)); //獲取當前聯系人的電話 數組 NSMutableArray * phoneArr = [[NSMutableArray alloc]init]; ABMultiValueRef phones= ABRecordCopyValue(people, kABPersonPhoneProperty); for (NSInteger j=0; j<ABMultiValueGetCount(phones); j++) { [phonerr addObject:(__bridge NSString *)(ABMultiValueCopyValueAtIndex(phones, j))]; } //獲取創建當前聯系人的時間 注意是NSDate NSDate*creatTime=(__bridge NSDate*)(ABRecordCopyValue(people, kABPersonCreationDateProperty)); //獲取最近修改當前聯系人的時間 NSDate*alterTime=(__bridge NSDate*)(ABRecordCopyValue(people, kABPersonModificationDateProperty)); //獲取地址 ABMultiValueRef address = ABRecordCopyValue(people, kABPersonAddressProperty); for (int j=0; j<ABMultiValueGetCount(address); j++) { //地址類型 NSString * type = (__bridge NSString *)(ABMultiValueCopyLabelAtIndex(address, j)); NSDictionary * temDic = (__bridge NSDictionary *)(ABMultiValueCopyValueAtIndex(address, j)); //地址字符串,可以按需求格式化 NSString * adress = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"國家:%@\n省:%@\n市:%@\n街道:%@\n郵編:%@",[temDic valueForKey:(NSString*)kABPersonAddressCountryKey],[temDic valueForKey:(NSString*)kABPersonAddressStateKey],[temDic valueForKey:(NSString*)kABPersonAddressCityKey],[temDic valueForKey:(NSString*)kABPersonAddressStreetKey],[temDic valueForKey:(NSString*)kABPersonAddressZIPKey]]; } //獲取當前聯系人頭像圖片 NSData*userImage=(__bridge NSData*)(ABPersonCopyImageData(people)); //獲取當前聯系人紀念日 NSMutableArray * dateArr = [[NSMutableArray alloc]init]; ABMultiValueRef dates= ABRecordCopyValue(people, kABPersonDateProperty); for (NSInteger j=0; j<ABMultiValueGetCount(dates); j++) { //獲取紀念日日期 NSDate * data =(__bridge NSDate*)(ABMultiValueCopyValueAtIndex(dates, j)); //獲取紀念日名稱 NSString * str =(__bridge NSString*)(ABMultiValueCopyLabelAtIndex(dates, j)); NSDictionary * temDic = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObject:data forKey:str]; [dateArr addObject:temDic]; }
一點擴展:相同的方法,可以獲取關聯人信息,社交信息,郵箱信息,各種類型的電話信息,字段如下:
//相關人,組織字段 const ABPropertyID kABPersonKindProperty; const CFNumberRef kABPersonKindPerson; const CFNumberRef kABPersonKindOrganization; // 電話相關字段 AB_EXTERN const ABPropertyID kABPersonPhoneProperty; AB_EXTERN const CFStringRef kABPersonPhoneMobileLabel; AB_EXTERN const CFStringRef kABPersonPhoneIPhoneLabel AB_EXTERN const CFStringRef kABPersonPhoneMainLabel; AB_EXTERN const CFStringRef kABPersonPhoneHomeFAXLabel; AB_EXTERN const CFStringRef kABPersonPhoneWorkFAXLabel; AB_EXTERN const CFStringRef kABPersonPhoneOtherFAXLabel AB_EXTERN const CFStringRef kABPersonPhonePagerLabel; // 即時聊天信息相關字段 AB_EXTERN const ABPropertyID kABPersonInstantMessageProperty; AB_EXTERN const CFStringRef kABPersonInstantMessageServiceKey; AB_EXTERN const CFStringRef kABPersonInstantMessageServiceYahoo; AB_EXTERN const CFStringRef kABPersonInstantMessageServiceJabber; AB_EXTERN const CFStringRef kABPersonInstantMessageServiceMSN; AB_EXTERN const CFStringRef kABPersonInstantMessageServiceICQ; AB_EXTERN const CFStringRef kABPersonInstantMessageServiceAIM; AB_EXTERN const CFStringRef kABPersonInstantMessageServiceQQ AB_EXTERN const CFStringRef kABPersonInstantMessageServiceGoogleTalk; AB_EXTERN const CFStringRef kABPersonInstantMessageServiceSkype; AB_EXTERN const CFStringRef kABPersonInstantMessageServiceFacebook; AB_EXTERN const CFStringRef kABPersonInstantMessageServiceGaduGadu; AB_EXTERN const CFStringRef kABPersonInstantMessageUsernameKey; // 個人網頁相關字段 AB_EXTERN const ABPropertyID kABPersonURLProperty; AB_EXTERN const CFStringRef kABPersonHomePageLabel; //相關人姓名字段 AB_EXTERN const ABPropertyID kABPersonRelatedNamesProperty; AB_EXTERN const CFStringRef kABPersonFatherLabel; // Father AB_EXTERN const CFStringRef kABPersonMotherLabel; // Mother AB_EXTERN const CFStringRef kABPersonParentLabel; // Parent AB_EXTERN const CFStringRef kABPersonBrotherLabel; // Brother AB_EXTERN const CFStringRef kABPersonSisterLabel; // Sister AB_EXTERN const CFStringRef kABPersonChildLabel; // Child AB_EXTERN const CFStringRef kABPersonFriendLabel; // Friend AB_EXTERN const CFStringRef kABPersonSpouseLabel; // Spouse AB_EXTERN const CFStringRef kABPersonPartnerLabel; // Partner AB_EXTERN const CFStringRef kABPersonAssistantLabel; // Assistant AB_EXTERN const CFStringRef kABPersonManagerLabel; // Manager
三、通訊錄“寫”的相關操作
看到上面讀取信息的代碼,你可能覺得一陣目炫,其實只是字段比較長,邏輯還是很簡單的,同樣,寫的操作與之類似,創建,修改,刪除,是我們對通訊錄“寫”的常用操作。
1、創建一個聯系人
//創建一個聯系人引用 ABRecordRef person = ABPersonCreate(); NSString *firstName = @"哈"; NSString *lastName = @"哈"; // 電話號碼數組 NSArray *phones = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"123",@"456",nil]; // 電話號碼對應的名稱 NSArray *labels = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"iphone",@"home",nil]; //這里的字段和上面的字段完全相同 // 設置名字屬性 ABRecordSetValue(person, kABPersonFirstNameProperty,(__bridge CFStringRef)firstName, NULL); // 設置姓氏屬性 ABRecordSetValue(person, kABPersonLastNameProperty, (__bridge CFStringRef)lastName, NULL); // 設置生日屬性 ABRecordSetValue(person, kABPersonBirthdayProperty,(__bridge CFDateRef)birthday, NULL); // 字典引用 ABMultiValueRef dic =ABMultiValueCreateMutable(kABMultiStringPropertyType); // 添加電話號碼與其對應的名稱內容 for (int i = 0; i < [phones count]; i ++) { ABMultiValueIdentifier obj = ABMultiValueAddValueAndLabel(dic,(__bridge CFStringRef)[phones objectAtIndex:i], (__bridge CFStringRef)[labels objectAtIndex:i], &obj); } // 設置phone屬性 ABRecordSetValue(person, kABPersonPhoneProperty, dic, NULL); // 將新建的聯系人添加到通訊錄中 ABAddressBookAddRecord(addBook, person, NULL); // 保存通訊錄數據 ABAddressBookSave(addBook, NULL);
2、修改聯系人
修改聯系人的操作就是將獲取和添加和在一起,先獲取到相應的聯系人引用,重設其屬性字段即可。
3.刪除聯系人
//獲取所有聯系人 NSArray *array = (__bridge NSArray*)ABAddressBookCopyArrayOfAllPeople(addBook); // 遍歷所有的聯系人 for (id obj in array) { ABRecordRef people = (__bridge ABRecordRef)obj; NSString *firstName = (__bridge NSString*)ABRecordCopyValue(people, kABPersonFirstNameProperty); NSString *lastName = (__bridge NSString*)ABRecordCopyValue(people, kABPersonLastNameProperty); if ([firstName isEqualToString:@"哈"] &&[lastName isEqualToString:@"哈"]) { ABAddressBookRemoveRecord(addBook, people,NULL); } } // 保存修改的通訊錄對象 ABAddressBookSave(addBook, NULL);
四、重中之重-關于內存管理
上面的代碼為了演示方便,創建的全部引用都沒有釋放,勢必是造成內存泄露,在我們用ABAddressBookCreate()創建一個引用對象時,切記無論ARC還MRC,要用CFRelease()進行釋放引用,例如上面的例子,我們需要加上這句代碼
CFRelease(addBook);
如果你耐心的看到了這里,我想你一定明白了我為什么不在前邊的代碼里說明這個問題,因為在ARC項目普及的現在,這的確是重中之重。