IOS學習—深拷貝和淺拷貝
深拷貝就是生成一個新的對象,內容和原對象完全相同。淺拷貝即是指針的拷貝,生成一個新的指針指向原對象。
// // main.m // 深拷貝與淺拷貝 // // Created by on 15/4/10. // Copyright (c) 2015年 apple. All rights reserved. //import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
import "Student.h"
import "GoodStudent.h"
int main(int argc, const char argv[]) { @autoreleasepool { / 拷貝的意義: 在改變副本對象的時候,不會影響到原對象
定義: 深拷貝:就是拷貝出來一個新的對象,內容和原對象一樣。 淺拷貝:其實就是指針的拷貝,沒有一個新的對象生成,只是多了一個指向原對象的指針,將原對象的指針賦值給了新聲明的指針,即,是一個指針的拷貝。 */
// 只有從不可變對象copy到不可變對象的時候才是淺拷貝,其他的都是深拷貝 NSString string = @"abcde"; NSString str = [string copy]; NSLog(@"string: %@", string); NSLog(@"str: %@", str);
// 因為指向同一個對象,所以原對象的引用計數+1 NSLog(@"string和str是否是同一個對象: %d", string == str);
// 由可變字符到不可變字符的copy是深拷貝 NSMutableString mutableString = [NSMutableString stringWithFormat:@"abc%@", @"dddddd"]; NSString str1 = [mutableString copy]; NSLog(@"mutableString和str1是否是同一個對象: %d", mutableString == str1);
// mutalbeCopy都是深拷貝 NSString str2 = @"abbbbbbb"; NSMutableString mutableString1 = [str2 mutableCopy]; NSLog(@"str2和mutableString1是否是同一個對象: %d", str2 == mutableString1); // 由此可見,即使是不可變到不可變的mutableCopy也是深拷貝,進一步證明了mutableCopy是深拷貝 NSString str3 = @"kkkkkkk"; NSString string1 = [str3 mutableCopy]; NSLog(@"str3和string1是否是同一個對象: %d", str3 == string1);
NSMutableString *myStr1 = [NSMutableString stringWithFormat:@"abc%d", 10]; NSMutableString *myStr2 = [myStr1 copy];
// 這里的myStr2實際是一個immutable對象,是不可變的,所以改變myStr2對象會報錯 // [myStr2 appendString:@"fdsaf"];
NSLog(@"myStr1: %@", myStr1); NSLog(@"myStr2: %@", myStr2); NSLog(@"myStr1和myStr2是否是同一個對象: %d", myStr1 == myStr2);
// 如果有改變副本的內容而保持原來的對象內容不變的話,那么就用copy屬性 // 這里改變了mutableName但是stu的name屬性值沒變 Student stu = [[Student alloc] init]; NSMutableString mutableName = [NSMutableString stringWithFormat:@"aaaaaa%d", 10]; stu.name = mutableName; [mutableName appendString:@" fdsafdsafsad"]; NSLog(@"stu.name: %@", stu.name); NSLog(@"mutableName: %@", mutableName); NSLog(@"stu.name和mutableName是否是同一個對象: %d", stu.name == mutableName);
Student *stu1 = [Student studentWithName:@"stu1"]; Student *stu2 = [stu1 copy]; NSLog(@"%@", stu1.name); NSLog(@"%@", stu2.name); stu2.name = @"stu2"; NSLog(@"%@", stu1.name); NSLog(@"%@", stu2.name); GoodStudent *goodStudent1 = [GoodStudent goodStudentWithAge:10 name:@"Jack"]; GoodStudent *goodStudent2 = [goodStudent1 copy]; goodStudent2.name = @"Tom"; goodStudent2.age = 20; NSLog(@"goodStudent1 -> name: %@, age: %ld", goodStudent1.name, goodStudent1.age); NSLog(@"goodStudent2 -> name: %@, age: %ld", goodStudent2.name, goodStudent2.age); } return 0;
}</pre>
// // Student.h // 深拷貝與淺拷貝 // // Created by on 15/4/10. // Copyright (c) 2015年 apple. All rights reserved. //import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
@interface Student : NSObject <NSCopying>
@property (nonatomic, copy) NSString *name;
- (id)studentWithName:(NSString *)name;
@end</pre>
// // Student.m // 深拷貝與淺拷貝 // // Created by on 15/4/10. // Copyright (c) 2015年 apple. All rights reserved. //import "Student.h"
@implementation Student
(id)studentWithName:(NSString )name { // 這里右邊需要寫成self class這樣,因為如果子類調用父類的這個方法的時候,就會產生相應的子類,而不是產生父類 // 左邊不用動,這表現了面向對象的特點,多態 Student stu = [[[self class] alloc] init]; stu.name = name; return stu; }
(id)copyWithZone:(NSZone )zone { Student copy = [[[self class] allocWithZone:zone] init]; copy.name = self.name; return copy; }
@end</pre>
// // GoodStudent.h // 深拷貝與淺拷貝 // // Created by on 15/4/10. // Copyright (c) 2015年 apple. All rights reserved. //import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
import "Student.h"
@interface GoodStudent : Student
@property (nonatomic, assign) NSInteger age;
- (id)goodStudentWithAge:(int)age name:(NSString *)name;
@end</pre>
// // GoodStudent.m // 深拷貝與淺拷貝 // // Created by on 15/4/10. // Copyright (c) 2015年 apple. All rights reserved. //import "GoodStudent.h"
@implementation GoodStudent
(id)goodStudentWithAge:(int)age name:(NSString )name { GoodStudent good = [GoodStudent studentWithName:name];
good.age = age;
return good; }
(id)copyWithZone:(NSZone )zone { // 一定要調用父類的方法 GoodStudent copy = [super copyWithZone:zone];
copy.age = self.age;
return copy; }
@end</pre></div> 來自:http://my.oschina.net/are1OfBlog/blog/398724