iOS開發教程之手勢識別方法
感覺有必要把iOS開發中的手勢識別做一個小小的總結。在上一篇iOS開發之自定義表情鍵盤(組件封裝與自動布局)博客中用到了一個輕擊手勢,就是 在輕擊TextView時從表情鍵盤回到系統鍵盤,在TextView中的手是用storyboard添加的。下面會先給出如何用storyboard給 相應的控件添加手勢,然后在用純代碼的方式給我們的控件添加手勢,手勢的用法比較簡單。和button的用法類似,也是目標動作回調,話不多說,切入今天 的正題。總共有六種手勢識別:輕擊手勢(TapGestureRecognizer),輕掃手勢(SwipeGestureRecognizer), 長按手勢(LongPressGestureRecognizer), 拖動手勢(PanGestureRecognizer), 捏合手勢(PinchGestureRecognizer),旋轉手勢(RotationGestureRecognizer);
其實這些手勢用touche事件完全可以實現,蘋果就是把常用的觸摸事件封裝成手勢,來提供給用戶。讀者完全可以用TouchesMoved來寫拖動手勢等
一,用storyboard給控件添加手勢識別,當然啦用storyboard得截張圖啦
1.用storyboard添加手勢識別,和添加一個Button的步驟一樣,首先我們得找到相應的手勢,把手勢識別的控件拖到我們要添加手勢的控件中,截圖如下

2.給我們拖出的手勢添加回調事件,和給Button回調事件沒啥區別的,在回調方法中添加要實現的業務邏輯即可,截圖如下:

二,純代碼添加手勢識別
用storyboard可以大大簡化我們的操作,不過純代碼的方式還是要會的,就像 要Dreamwear編輯網頁一樣(當然啦,storyboard的拖拽功能要比Dreamwear的拖拽強大的多),用純代碼敲出來的更為靈活,更加便 于維護。不過用storyboard可以減少我們的工作量,這兩個要配合著使用才能大大的提高我們的開發效率。個人感覺用storyboard把框架搭起 來(Controller間的關系),一下小的東西還是用純代碼敲出來更好一些。下面就給出如何給我們的控件用純代碼的方式來添加手勢識別。
1.輕擊手勢(TapGestureRecognizer)的添加
初始化代碼TapGestureRecongnizer的代碼如下:
//新建tap手勢
UITapGestureRecognizer *tapGesture = [[UITapGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self action:@selector(tapGesture:)];
//設置點擊次數和點擊手指數
tapGesture.numberOfTapsRequired = 1; //點擊次數
tapGesture.numberOfTouchesRequired = 1; //點擊手指數
[self.view addGestureRecognizer:tapGesture]; 在回調方法中添加相應的業務邏輯:
//輕擊手勢觸發方法
-(void)tapGesture:(id)sender
{
//輕擊后要做的事情
} 2.長按手勢(LongPressGestureRecognizer)
初始化代碼:
//添加長摁手勢
UILongPressGestureRecognizer *longPressGesture = [[UILongPressGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self action:@selector(longPressGesture:)];
//設置長按時間
longPressGesture.minimumPressDuration = 0.5; //(2秒)
[self.view addGestureRecognizer:longPressGesture]; 在對應的回調方法中添加相應的方法(當手勢開始時執行):
//常摁手勢觸發方法
-(void)longPressGesture:(id)sender
{
UILongPressGestureRecognizer *longPress = sender;
if (longPress.state == UIGestureRecognizerStateBegan)
{
UIAlertView *alter = [[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:@"提示" message:@"長按觸發" delegate:nil cancelButtonTitle:@"取消" otherButtonTitles: nil];
[alter show];
}
} 代碼說明:手勢的常用狀態如下
開始:UIGestureRecognizerStateBegan
改變:UIGestureRecognizerStateChanged
結束:UIGestureRecognizerStateEnded
取消:UIGestureRecognizerStateCancelled
失敗:UIGestureRecognizerStateFailed
3.輕掃手勢(SwipeGestureRecognizer)
在初始化輕掃手勢的時候得指定輕掃的方向,上下左右。 如果要要添加多個輕掃方向,就得添加多個輕掃手勢,不過回調的是同一個方法。
添加輕掃手勢,一個向左一個向右,代碼如下:
//添加輕掃手勢
UISwipeGestureRecognizer *swipeGesture = [[UISwipeGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self action:@selector(swipeGesture:)];
//設置輕掃的方向
swipeGesture.direction = UISwipeGestureRecognizerDirectionRight; //默認向右
[self.view addGestureRecognizer:swipeGesture];
//添加輕掃手勢
UISwipeGestureRecognizer *swipeGestureLeft = [[UISwipeGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self action:@selector(swipeGesture:)];
//設置輕掃的方向
swipeGestureLeft.direction = UISwipeGestureRecognizerDirectionLeft; //默認向右
[self.view addGestureRecognizer:swipeGestureLeft];</pre> <p>回調方法如下:</p>
//輕掃手勢觸發方法
-(void)swipeGesture:(id)sender
{
UISwipeGestureRecognizer *swipe = sender;
if (swipe.direction == UISwipeGestureRecognizerDirectionLeft)
{
//向左輕掃做的事情
}
if (swipe.direction == UISwipeGestureRecognizerDirectionRight)
{
//向右輕掃做的事情
}
} 4.捏合手勢(PinchGestureRecognizer)
捏合手勢初始化
//添加捏合手勢
UIPinchGestureRecognizer *pinchGesture = [[UIPinchGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self action:@selector(pinchGesture:)];
[self.view addGestureRecognizer:pinchGesture]; 捏合手勢要觸發的方法(放大或者縮小圖片):
////捏合手勢觸發方法
-(void) pinchGesture:(id)sender
{
UIPinchGestureRecognizer *gesture = sender;
//手勢改變時
if (gesture.state == UIGestureRecognizerStateChanged)
{
//捏合手勢中scale屬性記錄的縮放比例
_imageView.transform = CGAffineTransformMakeScale(gesture.scale, gesture.scale);
}
//結束后恢復
if(gesture.state==UIGestureRecognizerStateEnded)
{
[UIView animateWithDuration:0.5 animations:^{
_imageView.transform = CGAffineTransformIdentity;//取消一切形變
}];
}
}</pre>
5.拖動手勢(PanGestureRecognizer)
拖動手勢的初始化
//添加拖動手勢
UIPanGestureRecognizer *panGesture = [[UIPanGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self action:@selector(panGesture:)];
[self.view addGestureRecognizer:panGesture]; 拖動手勢要做的方法(通過translationInView獲取移動的點,和TouchesMoved方法類似)
//拖動手勢
-(void) panGesture:(id)sender
{
UIPanGestureRecognizer *panGesture = sender;
CGPoint movePoint = [panGesture translationInView:self.view];
//做你想做的事兒
}</pre>
6.旋轉手勢(RotationGestureRecognizer)
旋轉手勢的初始化
//添加旋轉手勢
UIRotationGestureRecognizer *rotationGesture = [[UIRotationGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self action:@selector(rotationGesture:)];
[self.view addGestureRecognizer:rotationGesture]; 旋轉手勢調用的方法:
//旋轉手勢
-(void)rotationGesture:(id)sender
{
UIRotationGestureRecognizer *gesture = sender;
if (gesture.state==UIGestureRecognizerStateChanged)
{
_imageView.transform=CGAffineTransformMakeRotation(gesture.rotation);
}
if(gesture.state==UIGestureRecognizerStateEnded)
{
[UIView animateWithDuration:1 animations:^{
_imageView.transform=CGAffineTransformIdentity;//取消形變
}];
}
}</pre>來源: 清風玉露一相逢